Drip lateral coiling is very difficult job to make the bundle in the field. At the present coiling operation is done by hand and in this method there is chance to twist and damage the laterals. During placing and coiling the laterals, the labour has continuous to bend often and often to collect and coil, which increases drudgery in operation. Besides these constrains the efficiency of manual coiling and decoiling is very poor and improper coiling and decoiling increased the damage to the laterals and reduces the life of the laterals. In order to overcome these problems, Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Dr. PDKV, Akola has made an attempt to design and develop power operated coiler.

Field experiment was carried out to test the effectiveness of bio-rationals against thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood and Helicoverpa armigera Hubner on chilli with nine treatments including an untreated check. Thrips population was the lowest in spinosad 45 SC @ 0.4ml l-1 (0.60 / leaf) which was on par with emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4g l-1 (0.65 / leaf) and found to be superior to the standard check (dimethoate 30 EC @ 2ml l-1). Similarly, spinosad 45 SC @ 0.4ml l-1 and emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4g l-1 recorded the lowest larval population of H. armigera of 0.51 and 0.55 / plant. The next effective treatments were Beauveria bassiana @ 1 x 108 spores ml-1 and neem oil 3 % which recorded thrips population of 1.06 and 1.18 / leaf. With regard to fruit borer, Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki @ 1 kg/ha (0.85 larvae / plant) ranked next to spinosad 45 SC and emamectin benzoate 5 SG. Similar trend was noticed with regard to leaf curl damage by thrips and per cent fruit damage by H. armigera. The highest yield of dry chilli fruits 1480 kg ha-1 was registered in spinosad 45 SC @ 0.4ml l-1, which was on par with emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4g l-1 (1420 kg ha-1) with respective additional income of Rs. 28,200 and Rs. 24,600. The highest cost benefit ratio (1:4.09) could be obtained in spinosad 45 SC @ 0.4ml l-1 followed by 1:3.97 in case of emamectin 5 SG @ 0.4g l-1.

Metabolic disorders are a key problem in the transition period of dairy cows as the cow suffers from negative energy balance due to low dry matter intake. Main challenge and problem appears to be adaptation of rumen at different physiological stages, which leads to onset of various metabolic diseases. Nutrition plays a pivotal role in preventing metabolic disorders post calving and through lactation. Metabolic disorders such as ketosis, fatty liver syndrome, hypocalcaemia etc can have a significant effect not only on a cow’s lactation performance, but also on fertility performance. These types of problems tend to be associated with higher yielding animals, which are controllable by good feeding practice, both in lactation and during the dry period. So an understanding and day to day update of these metabolic diseases becomes essential and critical for successful venture of dairy farm.

The south-eastern part of Rajasthan is considered as potential region for wheat production. However, farmers are facing numerous problems in realising the full production potentialities of wheat. Realising the fact a study was conducted to analyse yield gap and constraints in wheat production under field condition. The study was conducted in Bundi district of Rajasthan. To estimate the yield gap in wheat production, 70 full package frontline demonstrations were carried out at farmers field during three consecutive years from 2011-12 to 2013-14. Preferential ranking technique was used to identify the constraints. Stratified random sampling method used to identify the respondents. The selected respondents were interviewed personally using well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule. Results of the study revealed that the yield gap II was 7.55, 5.09 and 4.11 q ha-1 in respective consecutive years. The major constraints responsible for yield gap were lack of knowledge, biotic stress, high cost of inputs, Low fertility status of soils and poor extension services. There is further scope to increase productivity on the farms by managing these constraints.

India is an agriculture based country and livestock sector plays an essential role in our country GDP and it is highly affected by the climatic variability such as drought, flood, etc. Drought is hazard of nature and which affects larger area and may persist for longer duration. Due to low availability of water, the forage crops unable to grow and get dry which ultimately cause death of livestock due to off feed or eating of poisonous feed during scarcity period. Patan District of Gujarat state in India was purposively selected for the study, which comprises six districts of North Gujarat region. In which Patan district was selected purposively. The present study was conducted in the Harij and Radhanpur talukas of Patan district. Six villages from each taluka were randomly selected. Thus, total 120 respondents were selected for the study. The data were collected by personal interview technique through a structural schedule. In Personal and socio-economic characteristics, majority of respondents (84.16 per cent) belonged to middle age group. Majority of total respondents (39.17 per cent) had low family education status. Majority of respondents (61.67 per cent) came from nuclear families. About 40.00 per cent of farmers had dairy as major occupation during drought period whereas during normal period only 25.00 per cent. Income decreased upto 100 per cent of respondents amongst high income group. Irrespective of landholding, farmers from low income category were severely affected in terms of decrease in income upto 46.67 per cent from livestock. Herd size reduced upto 70.00 per cent during drought by the farmers owning large herds. Majority of the respondents (66.67 per cent) had experienced of more than the 10 years.In alternate dairy management practices of newborn animals include more than 50.00 per cent respondents use jute bag for cleaning body of new born. About 95.83 per cent of never used any equipment for cutting of naval cord, 95.83 per cent of the respondents never used any kind of disinfect over naval cord, 91.67 per cent of the respondents fed colostrums first time to calf after discharge of the placenta, 85 per cent respondent kept their young one separately. More than 90 per cent of the respondents dispose off their male calf/kids by relieving and selling.About 20.83 per cent of the respondents followed the castration during normal period as compared to none during drought.