Sugarcane marketing involves various business organizations that engage themselves in performing the grading, standardization, storage, transport, loading, unloading and selling of sugarcane. At the market the farmer may sell the produce direct to the sugar factory and after processing sugarcane converted into sugar. The present study was conducted to analyze the marketing of sugarcane in the year 2016-17 at Deoria district by using multi-stage sampling. The producer’s share in consumer’s rupee was calculated by using Acharya’ formula and Shepherd’s formula was used to calculate marketing efficiency. The producer’s share in consumer’s rupee in both marketing channels of sugarcane was equal and marketing efficiency was more in marketing channel-II in comparison to marketing channel-I with index value 1.98.

This research paper presents the design, development, thermal performance evaluation, efficiency and payback period of non-tracking solar cooker. Length to width ratio of the cooker was designed as 3.8:1 so that maximum reflected radiation falls on the glass window at any time in a day. It led to removal of azimuthal tracking which is a must for hot box solar cooker. The overall efficiency of the non-tracking solar cooker is 25.2%. During testing in April, 2019, the highest plate stagnation temperature, under no-load condition, approached 138°C. The developed non-tracking solar cooker was tested as per different test procedures as standardized by American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Stagnation and water boiling test of the solar cooker were performed during April, 2019 to determine the first figure of merit (F1), second figure of merit (F2) and standardized cooking power (Ps). Experimental evaluation showed these criteria (F1, F2 and Ps) as 0.121, 0.401 and 46.50 W, which indicate that the developed cooker falls under category “A”, as per standard. The cooker saves 2587.5 MJ of energy per year. The cost of the cooker is ? 9000.00 (1.0 US$ = ?67.16). The payback period of the solar cooker was calculated as compared to firewood, electricity, charcoal, LPG and kerosene-based cooking. The payback period was 1.58 yrs when compared to firewood.

The investigation aimed at studying the effect of elevated CO2 and associated high- temperature on flowering in tomato var. Vellayani Vijay and their improvement through the application of growth regulators and additional dose of nutrients. A pot culture study was undertaken with the treatments- foliar spray of NAA (50 ppm), SA (50 ppm), Boron (50 ppm) and Boron (50 ppm) + Zinc (50 ppm) at 40, 55 and 70 DAS, and additional nutrient treatments of POP 125% N: 100% P: 100 % K and POP 125% N: 125% P: 125 % K in equal splits, water spray and a control using open top chamber system. CO2 enrichment resulted in a significant delay in flowering and increased flower clusters per plant compared to control. Additional NPK and foliar spray of Boron (50ppm) + Zinc (50 ppm) resulted in a significantly higher number of flower clusters and flowers per cluster respectively under elevated CO2 condition.

Agriculture is subject to a variety of stresses, and the optimal yield is seldom obtained by stress. All crops grown under natural conditions are subjected to one stress or another. Climate change can have a positive and a negative effect on yield. A combination of higher average annual temperatures and stress on water (excess or deficit) can have significant consequences for tropical crop production. Vegetable crops are highly sensitive to climatic vagaries and sudden temperature rises as well as erratic precipitation at any stage of crop growth may affect normal development, flowering, pollination, fruit development and consequently decrease crop yield Dantewada's main climate change constraints are intermittent rainfall, light sandy soil, insect and disease problems in vegetable crops, etc. To mitigate the adverse effect of climate change on the production and quality of vegetable crops, resistance varieties of different vegetable crops, use of vegetable crops grown in drought conditions, agronomic practices such as resource management technologies, mulching, organic farming, carbon sequestration by crop systems provide a number of potential strategies to address impacts. Protected cultivation and post-harvest technologies can be effective strategies for addressing climate change challenges. Under the NICRA project Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dantewada, climate sensitive technologies are being promoted in Dantewada district of Chhattisgarh.

Bio-intensive integrated pest management practices were compared with farmer’s practices at Thandalai and Velliyankundram Villages of Madurai District during 2016-17 and 2017-18 respectively. BIPM practices involved Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens 10 g/ kg of seed, Bund crop with blackgram/ green gram/redgram, Use of light trap at a rate of 1/ ha, Use of biocontrol agents- T. japonicum and T. chilonis, Foliar spray with NSKE 5 % and use of green label pesticides Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC 150 ml/ha. The farmer’s practices comprised the applications of chemical insecticides. The mean leaffolder damage was minimum (5.7 and 3.2 percent) in BIPM treatment than farmer’s practices (16.9 and 20.6%) during 2016-17 and 2017-18 respectively. Significantly less dead heart incidence was observed in BIPM treatment (5.2% and 4.7%). Similarly, the mean incidence of white earheads was minimum in BIPM treatment (2.0 and 0.70 during 2016-17 and 2017-18). Highest grain yield was recorded in BIPM treatment (51.72 and 73.50 q/ha). The demonstration of BIPM module gave higher net return and B: C ratio of Rs. 49460/ ha and 1.97 during 2016-17 and of Rs.68337/ ha and 2.18 during 2017-18. Reduction in number of pesticide sprays (From 5- 2) scored highest adoption percentage (66.7%) in rice production technology followed by use of botanical insecticides neem oil/ NSKE 5 % (58.3%).

Field experiment was conducted during two consecutive Kharif seasons at Instructional Dairy Farm of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar to identify inter relationship of economic traits and their association with the yield and quality of sweet sorghum under intercropping system and different nitrogen sources. Correlation has been studied in various growths, quality characters, nutrients content, uptake and yield and quality of sweet sorghum planted in a randomized block design. The linear correlation study revealed positive and highly significant association between growth parameters and stalk, juice, sugar and ethanol yield. Among the juice quality parameters, juice, brix and sucrose percent were positively and available sugar, juice purity coefficient was negatively associated with all the growth parameters and yield. Various growth parameters and nutrient content/uptake were found positively correlated with dry matter accumulation, yield of stalk, juice and calculated ethanol.

Agriculture sector has shown tremendous growth. Organic farming is also being considered important by farmers as well as consumers across the globe. Organic farming is helpful for human health as well as soil health. According to report of FiBL and IFOAM, as of 2016 there were 57.8 million hectares of organic agricultural land across the globe. Australia with 27.4 million hectares land is leading in total agricultural land for organic farming across globe. India is leading with 8.35 lacs of organic producers which are mainly small and marginal farmers. Organic produce includes produce from organic farming as well as produce from forest area also. This study was undertaken with broad objectives to study present status of organic farming in India and to analyze marketing of organic produce in India. Secondary data from various sources were used to meet stipulated objectives. As on 2018 India has 3.56 million hectares land in organic farming. Land under cultivable area for organic farming is 1.78 million ha (50%) and wild harvest collection area is also 1.78 million hectares (50%) (APEDA). Organic produce is mainly exported from India, only small part is sold in domestic market. Domestic market includes certified organic produce market which constitute 10 percent and uncertified organic produce market which constitute 11 percent of total organic produce market in India.

Water scarcity is becoming an increasingly important issue in many parts of the world. Climate change predictions of increase in temperature and erratic rainfall mean that water will become even scarcer. Since agriculture is the major water user, efficient use of water in agriculture is needed for conservation of this limited resource. Increase in water use efficiency for enhanced drought tolerance can be achieved by different strategies such as change of crops capable of producing acceptable yields under deficit irrigation or rainfed situations. Scarcity of water is a severe environmental restriction to plant productivity.

Onion is commercially cultivated and widely consumed as vegetable and as spices in India. A wide range of variability in bulb yield attributes as well as in storability is noticed. A very little area under white onion cultivation is noticed in India, because of non-availability of good quality seeds for different areas. In storage, a heavy loss noted due to sprouting and decay and these losses varies from 5-85% depending upon the variety and weather conditions. The effect of various cultural practices though is not very clear but some of the operations like soil, irrigation, nitrogen, potash application, chemical application, time of harvesting and stage of maturity while harvesting do affect post-harvest losses. Post-harvest factors like curing, sorting, grading, packing, storage and transportation are, however, the main factors affecting the quality. It is concluded from the study at Nashik the lowest PLW (20.53%) and total loss (30.5%) were recorded in the line L-784, however at Karnal, the lowest total loss (27.86 %) was recorded in line L-898 and found at par with the lines L-629, L-791, L-798, L-810, L-837 and check Agrifound White. These above advance lines can be recommended to the farmers for good keeping quality varieties.