The present study was carried out in the Jorhat district of Assam to assess the extent of adoption of HYVs of glutinous rice and its package of practices recommended by Assam Agricultural University. A multistage purposive cum random sampling technique was followed and statistical method such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation was used for analyzing the data. Data were collected through personal interview technique administering a structured schedule. A total of 120 respondents constituted the sample of the study. Majority (65.83%) of the respondents had medium level of adoption of HYVs of glutinous rice. Among all the 14 practices recommended by AAU, only 6 of them such as harvesting, spacing, number of seedlings per hill, sowing time, variety and seed selection had highest number of full adopters. However, “line transplanting” and “irrigation” had the highest number of “non adopters” i.e.81.67% and 69.17% respectively. The study implies that majority of the respondents were partial adopters in case of selected recommended package of practices and their extent of adoption increases with increase in “annual income” and “economic motivation”. This suggests that the extension agencies should continue their efforts in accelerating the adoption of recommended cultivation practices for HYVs of glutinous rice.

This work aimed to analyze the effect of variation in biochar dosage and granulometry on water retention and soil density. Biochar doses (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) and mean particle sizes (0.25, 0.75, 1.5 and 3.0 mm) were tested in a completely randomized design with three replications. The water retention capacity of soil-biochar blends was determined following saturation, after drainage was carried out for a determined time. Soil density, in turn, was determined by the volumetric ring method. The statistical procedures adopted were variance analysis by the F test and the adjustment of response surface models, followed by the generation of contour graphs. The lowest values of soil density and the highest values of water retention capacity were obtained with biochar dosage between 3.5 and 7t ha-1 and mean granulometry between 1.4 and 1.65 mm.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important bulb crop next to onion. It is one of the most important spice crops in India. Present Experiment was laid out at college of agriculture, Gwalior during the winter season of 2015-16 & 2016-17. The experimental was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and 16 number of four levels of Sulphur (0, 30, 45 & 60 kg/ha) and four levels of boron (0, 2, 3 & 4 kg/ha). Based on two years mean data; it is alluded that amongst the sulphur and boron levels raised all the above parameters up to maximum extent. For the sake of recommendation to the garlic growers in Gird region; B3 boron level may be recommended with S3sulphur level.

Nine different brans and flours viz., Gram flour, gram chokar, bajra flour, jawar flour, wheat bran, rice bran, and maize bran were used with wheat straw for supplementation at the rate of 5 per cent on the dry weight basis of substrate and found that P. flabellatus takes minimum period (18 days) was recorded with bajra flour Whereas, maximum pin head emergence period of 21 days in both control and gram powder was recorded .The maximum biological efficiency of Pleurotus flabellatus was 985 g / BE 98.5% with jowar flour followed by maize bran (950 g / BE 95.0%). Yield / BE of P. florida with Rice bran recorded maximum (935 g / BE 93.5%) yield / BE followed by maize bran (935 g / BE 93.5%) and gram flour (875 g / BE 87.5%). While, in P. sajor-caju, It was maximum (895 g / BE 89.5%) with gram chokar supplementation followed by 880 g / BE 88.0% (bajra flour) and minimum yield / BE (705 g / 70.5%) was obtained in control.

Present study was conducted during kharif, 2015 at APRRI & RARS, Maruteru with an objective to establish the nature of relation between grain yield and yield components by partitioning the correlation coefficients between grain yield and its components into direct and indirect effects by using simple correlation and path analysis on 114 F5 families from six crosses along with their seven parents. Data was recorded on ten characters which showed significant differences among themselves. The study of character association and path coefficient analysis indicated that panicle length had positive direct effect coupled with positive significant correlation with grain yield per plant and hence direct selection can be made based on this trait for improving yield

Simple genotypic correlation coefficients were calculated from eight genotypes of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk) during rabi season (2014-2015). Experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications at the Medicinal Plants Unit, Botanical Garden, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Unhusked seed yield exhibited positive and significant correlation with number of tillers plant-1, dry matter accumulation, spike length, number of spikes plant-1 and number of seeds spike-1 whereas plant height, number of leaves plant-1 and days taken for 50 % flowering exhibited negative and non-significant correlation with unhusked seed yield. These correlated yield components suggested that it may be good selection criteria to improve seed yield of isabgol crop.

The present experiment was carried out in the Bio-control laboratory, Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, during 2017-18, in which six kairomonal factors namely; fresh larval extract, larval body wash in distilled water and hexane, larval frass (excreta), matured larvae and maintaining field condition as control, were tested to look for the factors enhancing the parasitizing efficiency of Braconhebetor say. (Hym: Braconidae) against pigeonpea pod borer, Helicoverpa armigea (Hubner). Results revealed that, mature larvae and larval frass (excreta) were highly preferred by B. hebator as compared to larval extract, body wash in distilled water, body wash in hexane and over control.

Childcare is mostly the responsibility of mothers. Therefore, the mother's knowledge about childcare influences the nature and quality of care that is given to the child, it has also been revealed that the mothers’ education has a positive impact on their knowledge and practice in child health matters. As far as immunizations is concerned today millions of children still do not have access to basic immunization and die from diseases that can be prevented by available vaccines. Mother’s knowledge, attitude and practices play a major role in achieving complete immunization before first birthday of the child. Keeping in view the above facts present study was undertaken to assess the knowledge of women beneficiaries (Nursing mothers, pregnant women and mothers of child beneficiaries (age 6months-3 years) of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) centers of district Budgam, Kashmir. A sample of 600 women beneficiaries which included 300 nursing mothers (NMs) and pregnant women (PW) and 300 mothers of child beneficiaries (MCBs) was selected from four blocks of district Budgam. The tool used for collecting information was Interview schedule. The results of the study revealed that the respondents were aware of vaccination of children although they did not remember the sequence and the newly introduced vaccines. However, for another minor ailment majority preferred to consult doctor. As far as disciplinary techniques are concerned some percentage of mothers still prefer physical punishment, but the majority manage by frightening or threatening the children. Therefore, strategies to increase full awareness among the beneficiaries regarding child health and the suitable disciplinary techniques for young children a well-planned intervention is needed.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of higher levels of dietary L- arginine supplementation on the serum parameters of the broiler chicken with special reference to Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, uric acid, total protein, albumin and globulin. A total of 150 day old Cobb 400 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 5 treatment groups viz., T1(100 % of arginine requirement), T2 (125 % arginine), T3 (175 % arginine), T4 (125 % arginine for finisher period only) and T5 (175 % arginine for finisher period only). The serum total protein and globulin levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the birds fed with 175 % L- arginine in both starter and finisher period. The uric acid value was significantly higher in all the treatments supplemented with arginine when compared to control. There was numerical decrease in total cholesterol and triglycerides in all supplemented groups compared to control.

Potato originated in the Peru-Bolivian region in the Andes (South America), largely raised in cool regions where the mean temperature of the growing season does not exceed 180C. It is the third most important food crop after wheat and rice. Potato is a heavy feeder crop and hence needs heavy doses of fertilizers for its growth and yield. Obviously, nutrient management shall be an essential aspect in the management of potato crop. It is the art of managing the amount, form, placement and timing of application of nutrients to plants. However, integrated nutrient management is essential tools for balanced fertilization and sustainability of crop production on long term basis. This review gives an account of nutrient management carried out on potato crop for optimization of potato growth and tuber yield.

A huge amount was invested on irrigation project but this project did not achieve the target. Most of these projects have very low water productivity ranging between 0.52-0.60 kg m-3 and 30-50% irrigation efficiency. Lining of the canal and transpiring the management to WUA also could not result. In this scenario, application of pressurized irrigation system in place of surface irrigation system may be a solution. Looking to these facts, this study was conducted in the command of RBC of Samrat Ashok Sagar project. The detailed survey of all the 55 villages of the command area was conducted in order to have an account of present condition. It was found that only flood irrigation system is being practiced in the whole command area. The cropping intensity of the area was determined using previous data. Existing cropping intensity varies between 115% to 196%. Similarly, the existing water productivity was determined. It varies from 0.52-0.60 kg m-3. An increase of 76% in the water productivity was observed, if border irrigation system is replaced by sprinkler irrigation system. Similarly, 116% increase in water productivity was found if flood irrigation system is replaced by sprinkler irrigation system and about 23% increase in water productivity was found if flood irrigation system is replaced by border irrigation system. In order to evaluate this in the farmer’s field 15 farmers (five from each reach) were selected randomly. The ratio of 60:40 of sprinkler irrigation system and border irrigation system was found suitable for RBC command of Samrat Ashok Sagar project in view to enhance the water productivity, water use efficiency and cropping intensity in study area. The water saved through this level was found 9071431 m3 (25%) and thus the additional area 2016 ha (21.21%). may be brought under irrigation through adoption of 60-40% irrigation level technology and increasing the cropping intensity by 8.59%. Prepared conjunctive plan for surface and pressurized irrigation was implemented and evaluated in the 15th farmers field and was found suitable as per recommendations made. A complete plan for entire RBC command area that is for 9503 ha was made and also recommended for implementation.

LncRNA reserves meaningful biological information that has to be explored in order to understand the various regulatory mechanisms during stress conditions. Annotating the rice genomic lncRNA sequences based on the presence of motifs and repeats have been carried out in the present study. RNA C to U editing site, Polyadenylation sites, Rice splicing sites and untranslational region motifs are predominantly found in rice lncRNA sequences which shows their role in transcriptional and translational control of gene expression. Moreover, repeat analysis highlighted the presence of transposable elements in the lncRNAs. Studies involving lncRNA modifications with relevance to various biotic and abiotic stress conditions may provide various clues to reprogram transcriptional and translational events towards crop improvement and defence strategies.

The study examined the economics of finger millet production in South Gujarat region. From South Gujarat region two districts namely Valsad and Dang were selected purposively, subsequently 3 and 2 taluks from Dang and Valsad districts were selected respectively and from each taluka 5 village were selected by Probability Proportionate Sampling (PPS) method and from each village 6 farmers by simple random sampling (SRS) method. Thus, total sample size was 150 finger millet growers. From this study it was observed that, the commercial cost of cultivation (cost C3) worked out to be Rs.23727.48 per hectare. Cost A1/A2, cost B1, cost B2, cost C1 and cost C2 were Rs.9334.67, Rs.9370.09, Rs.13170.44, Rs.17770.09 and Rs.21570.44 per hectare respectively. The Cost-benefit ratioin the cultivation of finger millet was estimated for cost A1/A2, cost B1, cost B2, cost C1, cost C2 and cost C3 were 2.54, 2.53, 1.80, 1.33, 1.10 and 1.001 respectively.

An experiment was conducted to mitigate the impact of salinity stress on blackgram through seed soaking with plant growth regulators viz., jasmonic acid (50 µM), gibberellic acid (10 mM), benzyl amino purine (50 ppm),ascorbic acid (100 ppm),salicylic acid (100 ppm) and nutrients like KCl (1%) and CaCl2 (0.5%) under in-vitro condition. Salinity was imposed at125mM NaCl and seeds of TNAU (Blackgram) CO 6 were used in this study. The results revealed that salt stress caused detrimental effect on seed germination and seedling growth. Among the ameliorants, jasmonic acid showed significantly highest germination percentage of 86.50, vigour index of 771.58 and stress tolerance index of 39.38 per cent. Salinity reduced the root length up to 71.93 per cent compared to absolute control. The highest root length of 2.92 cm was registered by jasmonic acid followed by ascorbic acid (2.36 cm) which is on par with KCl (2.31 cm). However, salicylic acid recorded the least sodium/potassium ratio (0.320) followed by KCl (0.328), CaCl2 (0.329) and jasmonic acid (0.332). Jasmonic acid (5.55) and salicylic acid (5.85) showed their supremacy on increased catalase activity which protect the plant under saline condition.

Tomato is the one of the most important crop of Uttar Pradesh as well as Indian vegetables. The fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hub) is the major pest that causes significant yield losses. An on farm trial was conducted during 2015-16 on hybrid F1 Himsona variety with three treatment T1- Trichocard (Trichogramma chilonis), T2-Deltamethrine, T3- farmer practice (Chloro + Cyper). The result reveled that T1 (Trichocards) treatment found better in regards maximum marketable fruit weight per plant (1.72 kg. / Plant), marketable yield (382.18q. /ha.), net return (Rs.257820.00 / ha.), & BCR (2.90). It is also recorded that minimum fruit loss(3.37 %) and weight lose (12.89q / ha.) in T1 treatment. It was concluded that application of Trichogramma chilonis@ 250 eggs/card twice fruit setting to fruit development not only reduces infestation of borer, but increase marketable yield and human hazard.

A large part of the adolescent social life is built around school-related activities. It is a new place where friendships are made and nurtured. High school is main setting in which adolescents spend time away from home. A competency is defined as a capability or ability that leads to a successful outcome. Social competence is defined as “the ability to achieve personal goals in social interaction while at the same time maintaining positive relationships with others over time and across situations. Adolescence is the stage of life stretching between childhood and adulthood. Vagueness and being harmonious with the new situation are the main characteristics of adolescent age. The Objectives of the present study was to examine and compare of social competence among high school going boy’s respondents. The present study aims to investigate the social competence among 80 respondents in the age group of 13 to 16 years studying in government and private high schools setting i.e., standards-IX and X at Palanpur city Banaskantha District of Gujarat State. “Social Competence Scale” (SCS) developed by V.P. Sharma, Dr. Kiran Shukla and Dr. Prabha Shukla a standardized tool was used for data collection. The statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient and Z-test were used for analysis of data. Results inferred that in overall respondents, social competence level of the government school boy respondents was found higher than the social competence level of private school boy respondents. The ‘r’ value revealed that Age had negative, but highly significant correlation with social competence of boy respondents. It can be concluded that boys respondents were socially unstable. The difference may be because of late occurrence of puberty in boys. Therefore, the boys get mature later.

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to different irrigation regimes and fertigation levels under polyhouse and open field conditions. The treatment consisted of three irrigation regimes 0.95 ETc, 0.70 ETc, and 0.45 ETc. and three fertigation levels 125% RD, 100 %RD and 75% RD. The experimental design was split plot with six replications. The biometric attribute plant height was measured at harvest condition and yield attribute viz., average weight of fruit, yield in kg per plant, kg per m2 and yield in t/ha. It is seen from the data pooled over two years that the plant height of tomato under polyhouse and open field was maximum (240.5cm and 133.9 cm) due to 0.95 ETc (I1) irrigation level over other irrigation levels. Data on plant height was not significant. The minimum plant height was found in 0.45 ETc (I3). It is seen from the data pooled over two years that the fertigation level 125% RD (F1) recorded the maximum and not significant plant height (227.81 and 128.86 cm) under polyhouse and open field over other fertigation levels. The pooled data show that the average weight of a fruit of tomato was maximum (123.83 g) due to 0.95 ETc irrigation level over other irrigation levels. It was at par with all irrigation levels. Irrigation level of 0.45 ETc recorded minimum fruit weight of tomato under polyhouse condition. Data on effect of different irrigation levels on average weight of fruit of tomato were statistically not significant under open field. The pooled data shows that the effect of irrigation levels on yield in kg per plant, kgm-2 and tha-1 was statistically not significant under polyhouse and open field. The pooled data shows that the effect of fertigation levels on yield in kg per plant, kgm-2 and tha-1 was not significant under polyhouse and open field. The average water use efficiency of tomato was in the range of 49.23 to 71.27 kg/m2-m-1 and 13.55 to 31.15 kg/m2-m-1 under polyhouse and open field conditions.

The present investigation was conducted to study the efficacy of Azotobacter and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on Vegetative and Floral attributes of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. Pusa Narangi Gainda under hilly regions of Uttarakhandat College of Horticulture, VCSG UUHF, Bharsar, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand during February to July 2017. The results revealed that application of Azotobacter + PSB + RDF (T8) significantly recorded maximum vegetative attributes like plant spread (63.12 cm), number of primary branches per plant(15.70), number of secondary branches per plant (28.13), number of leaves per plant (442.00) and fresh weight of 30 leaves (33.33g). Floral attributes viz., number of days taken for first flower bud initiation (50.13), number of days taken for first flower opening (68.52), number of days taken for 50% flowering (78.39), flowering duration, (70.89), flower diameter (9.30cm), number of flowers per plant (52.39) and number of flowers per plot (628.72)and quality attributes viz. shelf life (7.73 days),whereas, plants treated with plots Azotobacter+ RDF (T4) showed maximum plant height (94.97 cm), dry weight of 30 leaves (6.07± 0.89) and flower weight (14.10 ±1.25).

The field experiments were carried out at Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2012-2014. The experiment was consisted of four dates of sowing (1st Nov., 15th Nov., 30th Nov. and 15th Dec.) with four varieties (V1: GW-322, V2: GW-496, V3: GW-366 (aestivum) and V4: GW-1139 (durum) and six irrigations at wheat phenophases under split plot design with the objective of assessment of influence of temperature on wheat phenology and grain yield. Tmax ≤ 30°C, Tmin ≤ 15°C increased the wheat phenological duration. Tmax >30°C, Tmin >17°C, T mean >24°C prevailed during dough stage under D4 sowing shrinked the reproductive phase. More vegetative days (66 to 72) and Tmin. between 9 to 10°C during booting stage coincide under D2 and D3 sowing which significantly increased the grain yield.

Three Indian varieties, two exotic cultures and one indigenous culture of Okra were self-pollinated for one generation and crossed in a diallel design to study the influence of perse performance, combining ability and heterosis for fruit yield per plant. The crosses with Indian × Indian and Indian × Exotic lines showed high fruit yield per plant. The best cross combination Arka Anamika × Parbhani Kranti were selected as the best performing hybrids of which the Indian varieties are involved in this cross. The next cross combinations Parbhani Kranti × EC-112112 and Parbhani Kranti × EC-305626 were selected as best hybrids of which both the Indian varieties and the exotic cultures are involved in producing these crosses.