GENETIC STUDIES FOR THE EXPLOITATION OF HYBRID VIGOUR FOR SEED YIELD AND COMPONENT CHARACTERS IN CASTOR (Ricinus communis L.)

K.P. PATEL¹*, J.A. PATEL², J.R. PATEL³, D.K. PATEL^4
1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388110, Gujarat, India
²Regional Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388 110, Gujarat
³Castor-Mustard Research Station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, 385 506, Gujarat
⁴Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388110, Gujarat, India
* Corresponding Author : jignesh.pbg@gmail.com

Received : 04-07-2016     Accepted : 08-08-2016     Published : 27-10-2016
Volume : 8     Issue : 51       Pages : 2278 - 2286
Int J Agr Sci 8.51 (2016):2278-2286

Keywords : Diallel analysis, Heterosis, Dominance effect and Castor
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : None declared
Author Contribution : None declared

Forty five hybrids which were developed through half diallel mating design (ten inbred lines) were evaluated along with their parents to study heterosis for seed yield and its related traits in castor. The analysis of variance revealed that the mean square values due to genotypes, parents and crosses were significant, which suggested differences among themselves for all the characters under study. Among parental genotypes, inbreds namely ANDCI 8, ANDCI 10-04, ANDCI 10-1, ANDCI 9 and JI 360 yielded superior heterotic crosses for seed yield and its component characters. The cross combinations viz., ANDCI 8 x ANDCI 10-04,ANDCI 8 x ANDCI 10-3 and ANDCI 8 x ANDCI 10-12exhibited significant and positive heteros is over the standard check for seed yield per plant. Among the crosses, cross combinations, JI 360 x ANDCI 10-1 and ANDCI 8 x ANDCI 10-04 also exhibited significant and desirable heterotic effects (RH and HB) for number of effective branches per plant and number of secondary spikes per plant. The heterosis for seed yield per plant appeared because of high manifestation of heterosis for component traits, viz., primary raceme length, effective raceme length, number of capsules per primary raceme, kernel, length and volume weight. In consideration to dominance effect, all the characters except number of nodes up to primary raceme and kernel width revealed that increasing alleles had dominant effects; thereby more number of parents contributed dominant genes causing increasing effect. For days to 50% flowering as well as maturity of primary raceme exhibited that genes responsible for lateness were dominant; while, the characters plant height up to primary raceme and oil content suggested that both increasing and decreasing genes showed dominance effect and different parents contributed accordingly. Hence, selection of crosses on the basis of per se performance with observed heterosis for important seed yield contributing traits would be more desirable to exploit heterosis on commercial scale in castor.