The infiltration rate is an important property of the soil which helps in planning irrigation, water management and drainage related strategies. This study is carried out to define the spatial nature in soil physical properties and to examine the different soil variation. The basic infiltration rates of different soils were calculated at Bapatla, Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. This experiment was conducted on clay, sandy loam and sandy soil. The infiltration rate within a field at different locations of clay, sandy loam and sandy soils were found with a variation of 73%, 150% and 84.6% respectively This is significant enough to consider the variability in irrigation schedules design and to determine the stream sizes in border and check basin irrigation in addition to the design of variable emitter and sprinkler head sizes in micro irrigation methods.

Clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub] commonly known as guar is a drought and high temperature tolerant, deep rooted, it’s a good source of carbohydrates, protein, fibre and minerals like calcium, phosphorus and iron as well as contains appreciable amount of vitamin C, and it has become an important industrial crop with a great potential for foreign exchange. The present experiment was laid out in RBD design with three replications. Total ten numbers of different INM combinations were tested in the experiment. It can be concluded that application of 75% RDF + FYM 5 t/ha + PSB 2 kg/ha + Rhizobium culture 3 kg/ha and 75% RDF + vermicompost 5 t/ha are the best combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing growth and yield of clusterbean. These treatments are also helpful to improving soil nutrient status.

An air-assisted system was used with a hydraulic nozzle to assess its effects on spray penetration and deposition on cotton plants. Three cone angle (00, 300, 450), air velocity (5, 10, 15 ms-1) and forward speed (1, 1.25, 1.5 kmh-1) were selected to investigate the effect of spray deposition on adaxial and abaxial surface of top and bottom portion of the cotton plant under laboratory condition. The photographic paper were attached to the surface of leaves to collect spray deposition and analysed by Deposit Scan software. The selected parameters were significantly affecting deposition on all surfaces of the plants. The combination of an air velocity of 15ms-1, forward speed of 1 kmh-1 and cone angle of 300 deposited spray material throughout the plant and offered better deposition on the abaxial surface of the leave

The present study was carried out at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarkahand, during the rabi season of 2014–15 to assess the dynamics of yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat crop as influenced by leaf colour chart and chlorophyll meter based real time nitrogen management. Real time nitrogen management including two split top dressing of 40 kg N/ha (40 kg/splits) at LCC (4 and 5) and SPAD (35 and 40) along with 25 kg as basal (total 105 kg/ha) and one split top dressing of 40 kg N/ha at SPAD 40 along with 40 kg at crown-root initiation and 25 kg as basal (total 105 kg/ha) reported numerically 15 to 24 per cent and 15 to 22 per cent higher values of agronomic and recovery efficiency respectively when compared with recommended 150 kg N/ha without any significant decrement in yield attributes, biological yield, grain yield and total N uptake. Thus LCC and SPAD based management of 105 kg N/ha make more effective use of absorbed nitrogen with the saving of 30 per cent or 45 kg N/ha. Although higher net returns and B:C ratio obtained in the recommended practice compared to next best treatment, i.e. application of 25 kg N as basal + two splits top dressing of 40 kg at SPAD 40,there could be substantial fertilizer saving with the SPAD based real time N management. Study revealed that among given threshold values LCC 5 and SPAD 40 was better than LCC 4 and SPAD 35 for best management of nitrogen in wheat crop.

Evaluation of horsegram germplasm/ genotypes against Horsegram yellow mosaic virus (HgYMV) disease under field conditions showed that out of 110 horsegram germplasm lines screened during 2012, none were free from the disease. Five genotypes viz., AK-38, HG-GP, DPI-2278, Paiyur-1 and Paiyur-2 recorded highly resistant reaction. Only three genotypes were resistant (PHG-9, AK-42, BGM-1) and two genotypes i. e., AK-21, AK-26 showed moderately resistant reaction and the remaining were moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible. The biological transmission studies revealed that 100 per cent infection obtained in horsegram followed by pole bean, french bean, ring bean, lima bean and soybean with 90, 70, 60, 50 and 40 per cent infection respectively. The virus could not be transmitted to other plant species viz., greengram, blackgram, cowpea, pigeon pea, yard long bean, field bean, moth bean, rice bean and cluster bean.