Thirty hybrids were produced after the cross formation from 5 QPM (Quality Protein Maize) and 6 non QPM inbreds in two environments viz.1) Irrigated Agricultural Farm BHU Varanasi and, 2) Rain-fed RGSC, Barkachha, Mirzapur during Rabi (Winter) season 2015-16 and Kharif (Rainy) season 2016. These inbreds were selected from the normal irrigated environments. Total thirty hybrids were grown under different irrigated and rain-fed environments in randomized block design, in which rain-fed environment irrigation was controlled. Data were collected after the single and double cross formation in Rabi (Winter) season 2015-16 and Kharif (Rainy) season 2016. From the initial screening observations were recorded on important yield and quality traits of 30 hybrids such as, plant height (cm), days to tasseling, days to silking (days/plot), days to maturity (days/plot), grain yield per plot (GYP). Such types evaluate suitability of hybrids and select for the next generation, on the basis of best performance. There were only five hybrids selected from the both environment which better survived at high temperature. The selected hybrids could be grown in normal (Irrigated), poor environment (Rain-fed) and new environment (Rabi), which will bring high level of food and nutritional security in India.

The aim of this study was identification of the endophytic fungus on Brachypodium pinnatum plants from forests of Northern part of Iran. According to the investigation, the grass was infected with Epichloë sylvatica Leuchtm. & Schardl 1998 and this fungus is a new record for Iranian mycoflora and reports for first time

An experiment was conducted at College of Horticulture, Mandsaur campus of RVSKVV Gwalior during kharif season 2012-13 to study the effect of phosphorus level on growth, yield, yield parameters and quality in cow pea. It was observed that varieties excerted significant influence on all the growth parameters. Similarly it was also observed that increasing phosphorus level significantly increases growth, yield, yield parameters and quality in cow pea. Result reported that among the different varieties of cow pea, Kashi Shyamal (V2) showed superior performance for growth attributes, yield attributes, yield and quality. Among the phosphorus levels P5 (120 kg/ha) resulted in the highest growth parameters, yield parameters, yield and quality of cow pea. Combined effect of varieties and phosphorus levels exhibited significant influence number of pods per plant, protein content (%) and seed yield per plant (g).

There are three cordial components in wheat which determines the grain yield: tillers per plant, number of grains and grain weight per spike. All the three components are mutually exclusive and it has been witnessed that the higher number of grain normally correlates with lower grain weight. This negative linkage is serious unhampress selection gain. It is to be emphasized these both traits are polygenic and hence finding their recombinants of positive type’s i.e. higher number of grains/spike along with higher grain weight is feasible. This would be achieved if there is adequate variability in segregating population and selection pressure is exerted in right direction with appropriate selection intensity. Keeping this hypothesis in mind we investigated the variability and gene effects in five wheat crosses involving discrete and contrasting parents over two crop seasons for these two traits. The F2 population revealed the presence of adequate genetic variability over and above the parental range with various combinations i.e. higher number of grain-lower grain weight, medium number of grains-medium grain weight and higher number of grains with higher grain weight. However, there frequency varied over the both cropping seasons. The higher grain weight is invariably attributed to higher amount of deposition of carbohydrates (starch). Thus, the transgressive segregants for grain number and grain weight could be recovered in all five cross viz. Rm-Ts17 x PBW502; HS27 x PBW502; HS67 x PBW502; HJP81 x PBW502; HG2 x HD2009M. Pedigree selection in such crosses is therefore expected to yield the dividends. The SSR marker analysis also indicated that some quantitative trait Loci QTLs) could be associated with either higher number of grains or higher grain weight or both the traits. Marker assisted selection, therefore should be feasible, our study suggest that both genotyping and phenotyping should be resorted to identify the desired transgressive segregants for high grain weight and higher grain number, so that wheat yield can be enhanced.

A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years 2014-15 and 2015-16 at Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India with three dates of sowing and four irrigation levels. The sowing dates D1-15th October, D2- 30th October and D3- 15th November with irrigation levels treatments namely I1- Irrigation at critical growth stages, I2- 0.4 IW: CPE, I3- 0.6 IW: CPE and I4- 0.8 IW: CPE to evaluate the optimum sowing time and irrigation level for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under different hydro-thermal regimes. The differences were higher for D2 (2179 kg ha-1) than D3(2079 kg ha-1) and D1 (1853 kg ha-1) dates of sowing during 2014-15. Whereas, during 2015-16 the differences in seed yield of chickpea sown on D2 (2075 kg ha-1) being at par with D3 (1949 kg ha-1) sowing were significantly higher than D1 (1729 kg ha-1). Among the different irrigation treatments, the differences in the seed yield were significantly higher for I3(2230 kg ha-1) irrigation treatment than I1(2064 kg ha-1), I4 (1992 kg ha-1) and I2(1861 kg ha-1) respectively, during 2014-15. Whereas, the seed yield of chickpea for irrigation treatment I3 was significantly higher (2153 kg ha-1) than I1 (2013 kg ha-1), I4 (1861 kg ha-1) and I2 (1728 kg ha-1) during 2015-16.