A german Shephard pup of 3.5 month brought after severe diarrhoea with hanging tubular pink mass protruding through anus. Treatment of pup was done by pursestring and no recurrence of prolapsed mass reported. It was concluded that treatment of fresh rectal prolapse can be done manually along with anal pursestring. It is effective method for successful treatment of prolapsed mass in pups.

Three horses were presented with history of varying degree of corneal opacity, epiphora, photophobia, blepharospasm and ocular discomfort. Ocular examination of the affected eye revealed presence of eye worm moving in the anterior chamber of right eye. Menace reflex for vision were positive. Eye worm was surgically removed understanding sedation using Xylazine hydrochloride @ 1.1 mg/Kg, I/V and Butorophenol tartarate @ 0.01 mg/kg I/V. Retrobulbar nerve block done by using 2% lignocaine hydrochloride and topically propracaine hydrochloride solution was used. A small stab incision with 11 no. B.P. blade was given 4o clock position at limbus. The worm was expelled out along with a flow of aqueous humour. After removal of eye worm postoperatively topical application of Gentamicin and diclofenac eye drop 4 q6h X 7-10 days was given. The complete recovery and clearance of the corneal opacity took 4 weeks.

The experiment has been done to assess soil fertility and increase the yield of rice production through Bio fertilizer. The plant height of rice variety Sarjoo-52 was significantly influenced by Azolla and N fertilizer. Bio-fertilizers like Azolla 0.2 kg/m2 + 50% N and P2O5, K2O recommended dose of paddy crop in T4 treatment plot is better response the other treatments plot. In this plot highest plant height 98.35 cm, number of tiller/hill 18 and grain yield 12.37% increase over all the treatment. Azolla increases the rice productivity but also improves the long term soil fertility and contributes 40-60 kg N/ha per rice crop. The value for soil N, soil OM, bulk density and porosity of the soil were found to be increased simultaneously for Azolla treatments. Application of Azolla enhances the soil nutrients availability by their biological activity in particular and helps build up the micro flora.

A field experiment was conducted during both kharif & rabi seasons in 2009-10 & 2010-11 at Instructional farm, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Angul district under mid central table-land zone of Odisha to study the effect of different rice-based cropping system on system productivity, profitability, sustainability and soil health. The treatments consisted of seven cropping sequences and replicated thrice in randomized block design on sandy loam soil with low to medium fertility level and slightly acidic in reaction, Rice-Brinjal cropping sequence was evaluated to be most remunerative and sustainable with maximum rice equivalent yield of 277.35 q ha-1, production efficiency of 118.02 kg ha-1 day-1, land use efficiency of 64.38%, sustainable yield index of 1.00 , employment generation of 525 man days ha-1, profitability of Rs.510.57 ha-1 day-1, relative economic efficiency of 1404.03 % and net return of Rs.186357 ha-1 year-1. Rice-Greengram cropping sequence reported the maximum increase in available N, P2O5 and K2O and organic carbon content followed by Rice-Blackgram. Rice-Brinjal/Tomato/Onion and Rice-Groundnut cropping sequences has reduced soil fertility. The Nitrogen use efficiency was maximum (118.02 kg grain kg-1 of N applied) in Rice-Brinjal sequence. The traditional sequence of Rice - Fallow system has minimum production efficiency of 41.36 kg ha-1 day-1 with profitability of Rs.37.37 ha-1 day-1, land use efficiency of 32.88 % and sustainable yield index of 0.18. Under the prevalent edaphic, climatic, sequential and socio economical situations the Rice-vegetables cropping sequences have relatively more productive and remunerative but Rice-legumes cropping system were potentially important in nutrient cycling advantages

Nitrogen use efficiency of conventional fertilizers hardly exceeds 30-35 % on crop production. An experiment was conducted to develop biochar based slow release nitrogen fertilizer in order to improve the use efficiency. Slow pyrolysed (350°C) biomass material was low in surface area, cation exchange capacity and ion exchange properties. Prosopisjuliflora hard wood based biochar recorded maximum recovery (30%) and carbon (>70%) than other crops. Sorption of four different forms of nitrogen showed higher adsorption characteristics. The amount of desorped NH4+-N increased as pH and initial NH4+concentration increased. Biochar fabricated nitrogen reduced the N-lose of ammonia volatilization. The nitrogen loading efficiency (16.3-18.5 %) was confirmed, using Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Nitrogen release pattern of 18 days study confirmed that the slow release characteristics of biochar based N fertilizer

The field experiment was conducted on bed planted wheatat the research farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during rabi seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 in a split-plot design with four replications. The main plots treatments involved two orientation of sowing i.e. north-south and east-west. Each main plot was divided into five subplots to allocate the intercropping system with wheat, i.e. wheat+spinach, wheat+fenugreek, wheat+oats fodder, wheat+canola and wheat+ linseed along with sole crops. Raising the crop in east-west row orientation resulted in maximum dry matter accumulation, CGR, AGR and RGRas compared to north-south row orientation. Highest values of CGR and AGR were recorded between 60-90 DAS in wheat. Among the intercropping systems, performance of wheat under wheat + spinach and wheat + fenugreek intercropping systems was equivalent to sole wheat. In intercropping systems, canola was found to be more aggressive and competitive to wheat than the other crops.

The low per hectare yield of crops may be attributed to non-adoption of recommended agricultural technologies by farmers, which might be the result of so many constraints. Considering the importance of sugarcane crop in the Maharashtra and its low per hectare yield, an empirical study was conducted in three main districts in western Maharashtra having major area under sugarcane cultivation; Satara, Pune and Kolhapur. The other reason to select above districts was due to their high sugar recovery level. Satara and Kolhapur districts come under high recovery zone whereas Pune comes under medium recovery zone in Maharashtra. The Primary data were collected from 250 sugarcane cultivators using random sampling technique. The awareness level of the respondents regarding recommended sugarcane production practices was very low and consequently the adoption of the recommendations was also very poor. However, in general, those who were aware of recommendations adopted the same, which implies that lack of information on the part of the farmers might be the major cause of non-adoption. The extension agency has to look into these constraints in order to strengthen the adoption process of technology for boosting sugarcane productivity

The Adoption and impact assessment of production technology of paddy cultivation in Marathwada region of Maharashtra for the year 2013-14 has been analyzed and it is based on costs and returns structure, production function analysis, resource use efficiencies, yield gap analysis, adoption index and impact of improved paddy technology have been estimated in the study. It has been found that per hectare cost ‘C’ was 35,801.52 and BCR is 1.14, whereas, per quintal cost of production was 1,145.57 at the overall level for improved paddy cultivation methods. Further, there was a 19.97 percent yield gap between actual yield and demonstration plot yield. The composite index of technology adoption was worked out to 38.62 percent indicated that the sample farmers adopted less than 61 percent recommended paddy production technology and obtained 28.10 q/ha yield. The contribution of different components on impact of paddy production technology in Marathwada region, net returns was maximum (49.91 percent). The added yield was 6.98 q/ha over the local and improved method of adoption. Thus, for producing extra yield per hectare, costs were also increased 7,154 and added returns were also increased 9,756.80. The ICBR ratio indicates that the high adoption of improved production technology adopter farmers were in profit with 1.36 ICBR ratio. It indicates that, the farmers should adopt the improved production technology for paddy to the fuller extent for maximizing returns and minimizing per unit cost. Farmers were not fully aware of some of the components of improved paddy production technologies. Therefore, the efforts are required to be made to intensify extension education activity to increase awareness among the paddy growers so as to accelerate the process of adoption.