An experiment was conducted during Rabi, 2020-21 at Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad) consisting of 32 chickpea genotypes obtained from ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, U.P in RBD with three replications. The data was recorded on 13 characters. Heritability estimates along with genetic advance as percent of mean was high for No. of pods per plant, No. of seeds per plant,100-seed weight and Grain yield per plant. Seed yield per plant exhibited positive and highly significant correlation at both the levels with Number of secondary branches per plant, Number of pods per plant, Number of seeds per plant and biological yield per plant (g). The significant correlation with days to 50 % flowering suggests its use in breeding programme for earliness. The characters viz., Harvest index (%), Biological yield per plant (g), Number of pods per plant, Number of primary branches per plant, and Days to 50% flowering had the highest direct positive effect on seed yield per plant

Small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) the Queen of Spices enjoys a unique position in the international spices market, as one of the most sought after spices. In India, it is cultivated in the states of Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The natural habitat of cardamom is the evergreen forests of Western Ghats. It is found to grow within an altitude ranging between 600 and1200 meters above MSL. Various research institutions working on cardamom have released a number of elite location specific high yielding clones having yield potential of above 450 kg per hectare (rainfed) and superior capsule characters. Integrated pest and disease management is an important aspect of cardamom plantation management. Good quality of the produce can be achieved through timely harvest and adoption of scientific post -harvest practices. Promising small cardamom varieties and improved selections coupled with optimum inputs and technologies can increase yield up to 2000 kg/ha. Proper scientific management of plantation is the prime reason for successful cultivation. This production technology is recommended for sustainable cultivation of small cardamom in the country

The current study was conducted in the state of Chhattisgarh's plain agro-climatic zone of Chhattisgarh state during the year 2020. The purpose of this study is to evaluate information on rice farming during the wet and dry seasons. The study took place in 18 villages in the Chhattisgarh Plains Agro-Climatic Zone, which were chosen at random from six blocks in three districts. The information was acquired via an interview schedule and a personal interview. The data was analyzed with the use of relevant statistical approaches and tools. The study area is dominated by respondents, belonged to 36 to 50 years of age group, belonged to other backward class and obtained education up-to middle school. Most of them were living in Joint families with no membership in any organization. Majority of them were doing agriculture as their main occupation and having overall annual family income in the range of Rs.50001 to Rs. 100000. Farmers with semi-medium size of land holdings dominated the research area, with Inceptisols accounting for the majority of land holdings

Evaluation of twenty chrysanthemum genotypes under was done under Bihar conditions during the year 2020-21 to identify the suitable variety for commercial and quality flower production. Twenty varieties namely Achievement, Alfred Simpson, Beutica Marry, Bolare Deo, Coronation Gold, Coronation Pink, Cassandra, Pompon Rosy Pink, Crimson Pretty Pottey, Crimson Crystal, Crimson Title, Dignity, Dorridge Queen, Duke of Kent, Frosty Whisker, Mahatma Gandhi, Miss India, Red Wine, Royal Prince, S.L. Andre were selected for their evaluation. This experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Significant differences were recorded among the evaluated chrysanthemum genotype for growth and flowering attributes. The genotype Pompon Rosy Pink was recorded with maximum plant height at first bud appearance (77.90 cm) and number of flowers per plant (88.35) along with second highest values for internodal length (4.05 cm) and flowering duration (40.35 days).Maximum number of primary branches per plant was observed in genotype Coronation Pink (20.35) and third highest number of flowers per plant (78.35).The maximum fresh weight of leaves was studied in genotype Bolare Deo (1.69 g) and internodal length ((4.79 cm) and it was early attained reproductive stage in 64.35 days among all genotype with second highest vase life (15.67 days).The maximum days taken to first flower opening showed the genotype Frosty Whisker (156.00 days) and minimum observed in Coronation pink (122.02 days). The genotype Red Wine reported maximum flower longevity on plant (20.02 days) with second highest flowering duration (40.35 days). The genotype CrimsonPrettyPottey obtained maximum flower duration (41.27 days).The genotype Achievement was recorded maximum flower yield per plant (746.31 g). The genotype Alfred Simpson exhibited significantly maximum vase life (16.33 days)

A scanty of efforts have been directed to analyze the strength and weaknesses of custom Hiring centers in the study areas. There exists the need to explore the training need of farmers in mitigation of stubble burning by identifying the training need areas, society, and other agencies in organizing training on residue management. The present study was conducted in the Punjab state. Three districts namely, Ludhiana, Sangrur, Moga were selected due to the highest stubble burning cases in the last five years, from each district two-block were selected randomly. Subsequently, three villages from each block will be randomly selected. Finally, from each village, 20 respondents were selected randomly constituting of total 360 farmers. Results revealed that the major strength of CHCs was its efficiency in reducing the cost of cultivation, a major weakness of CHCs was the high initial cost in the establishment of CHCs, the major opportunity of CHCs was the interdependence of farmers in choosing the required machine, while the major threat of CHCs was the poor infrastructure available to most of the farmers in the establishment of CHCs. When the training dimension was analyzed, it was found that nearly half of the respondents require medium training for stubble management, followed by 32.77 percent of respondents that need low training for stubble management and only 20.56 percent of respondents that need high training for stubble management

The growing scarcity of water for irrigation warrants improved water productivity to maintain the present agricultural production. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the water productivity of rice under different crop establishment methods and irrigation systems. Three rice establishment methods consisting of direct-seeded rice (DSR), mechanical transplanted rice (Mech. TPR) and manual transplanted rice (manual TPR) were evaluated along with three irrigation systems, conventional flood irrigation, drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation systems against farmers’ practice. On-farm evaluation is conducted at Gumthala Garhu village, Pehowa, Kurukshetra district, Haryana, India from 2018 to 2020 during Kharif (June-September) seasons. The study showed that the manual TPR produced highest grain yield of rice (6781 kg ha-1) compared to the other establishment methods. Drip irrigation resulted in highest yield (6851 kg ha-1)) and flood irrigation had lowest grain yield in all three years. Statistically, the manual TPR had high PWPIWU and TCWU than other rice establishment methods and farmers practice. Similarly, drip irrigation resulted in higher PWPIWU and TCWU over other irrigation practices. Drip irrigation provided 2.44 & 3.24 times higher PWPIWU than flood irrigation & farmers practice, respectively. The EWP and EWPIWU&TCWU over three years were highest for the manual TPR (Rs. 14.70 m-3 & Rs. 7.96 m-3, respectively) while it was lowest for DSR. Drip irrigation produced highest EWPIWU&TCWU with Rs. 16.84 & 8.86 m-3, respectively. Rice in Haryana alone consumed about 132.5 cm ha-1 (8.12 BCM) of irrigation water out of the total 221 km-3 water consumed by rice in whole of India. It has a PWP of 0.40 kg grain m-3 of TCWU and 0.22 kg grain of irrigation water alone. It is equivalent to an EWP of Rs. 6.82 m-3 in that state. Water saving in terms of water used to produce one kg grain yield (l kg-1) of rice by converting from conventional farmers' practice to drip irrigation can support a 52% expansion in the current rice irrigated area in this region. Hence, micro irrigation, particularly drip irrigation is a viable option for irrigated rice that will enable growth of food production. This is also a sustainable method to meet the future demand of the growing population under declining resources

Cardamom enjoys a unique position in the international spices market, as one of the most sought after spices. In India, small cardamom is cultivated in the states of Kerala, Karnataka and Tami Nadu. The natural habitat of cardamom is the evergreen forests of Western Ghats. Pest and disease management is an important aspect of cardamom plantation management. Good quality of the produce can be achieved through timely harvest and adoption of scientific post harvest practices. Promising small cardamom varieties and improved selections coupled with optimum inputs and technologies can increase yield up to 2000 kg/ ha. Proper scientific management of organic cardamom plantation is the prime reason for successful cultivation. This organic cardamom production technology is recommended for safe to eat cardamom in the country