PESTS AND DISEASES OF LARGE CARDAMOM IN INDIA AND THEIR MANAGEMENT PRACTICES UNDER ORGANIC CULTIVATION

VIJAYAN A.K.¹*, SAJU K.A.², DHANAPAL K.³, ESWARAN V.M.⁴, VALLATH A.⁵, PANDITHURAI G.⁶, MANOJ OOMMEN⁷, DIVYA P.V.⁸, MANESH KUNJUMON^9
1Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
²Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
³Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
⁴Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
⁵Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
⁶Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
⁷Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
⁸Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
⁹Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Board India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Myladumpara, Idukki, 685 553, Kerala, India
* Corresponding Author : drvijayanicri@gmail.com

Received : 30-07-2019     Accepted : 13-08-2019     Published : 15-08-2019
Volume : 11     Issue : 15       Pages : 8876 - 8880
Int J Agr Sci 11.15 (2019):8876-8880

Keywords : Causal organism, Diseases, Epidemiology, Extent of damage, Large Cardamom, Management, Pests
Academic Editor : P S Bhat
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Authors are thankful to the Director Spices Board of India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India), Cochin, 682025, Kerala, India.
Author Contribution : All authors equally contributed

There are as many as 23 insect pests found associated with large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.), but all of them are not causing the economic damage to the plant. Among the insect pests that attack large cardamom, leaf caterpillar (Artona chorista Jordon), stem borer (Glyphipterix spp.) Shootfly, (Merochlorops dimorphus Cherian) and White grub (Holotrichia sp.) are considered as important pests. Aphids are responsible for transmitting viral diseases viz., chirke and foorkey. Major threat to the crop is the widespread occurrence of fungal and viral diseases causing considerable damage and consequent loss in devastating proportions. The fungal disease Colletotrichum blight has devastated the large cardamom plantation and is the cause of concern for severe crop loss and decline in plant population in the recent past. The pests and diseases affecting large cardamom and their management practices are presented.

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