VARIABILITY ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER DEPTH: A CASE STUDY OF SONIPAT DISTRICT IN HARYANA, INDIA

D. SINGH¹, M. SINGH², M. NAIN³*, J.P. GUPTA^4
1Department of Geography, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
²Department of Geography, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
³Department of Mathematics and Statistics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
⁴Department of Geography, D. B. S. (PG) College, Dehradun, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal) Uttarakhand, 246174, India
* Corresponding Author : nainbir93@gmail.com

Received : 30-06-2019     Accepted : 12-07-2019     Published : 15-07-2019
Volume : 11     Issue : 13       Pages : 8738 - 8743
Int J Agr Sci 11.13 (2019):8738-8743

Keywords : Variability Analysis, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) Interpolation, Sonipat, Haryana
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Authors are thankful to Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India. Authors are also thankful to Groundwater Cell Rohtak, Agricultural Department, 124001, Haryana, India
Author Contribution : All authors equally contributed

In Northern India, particularly in Haryana, the pressure on groundwater has mounted many folds resulting decline in groundwater level. The objective of the study was to analyze variability in groundwater table during two decades i.e. 1993-2013. For this purpose, groundwater depth data of 123 monitoring wells was obtained from Groundwater Cell, Rohtak. Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method using Arc GIS software version 10.1was applied to obtain predicted values. A decline in average groundwater depth from 6.62 meters in 1993 to 7.89 meters in 2013 was noticed. Average seasonal fluctuation in groundwater table is varied from 0.7 meters to 1.5 meters during 1993 to 2013. The maximum area of Sonipat district i.e., about 1724.44 sq. km was recorded under seasonal fluctuation of 1 to 3 meters rise during June 1993 October 1993 but the maximum area of Sonipat district i.e., 1209.26 sq. km area under seasonal fluctuation of 0 to 1 meters during June 2013 to October 2013. Long term fluctuation trends in groundwater table during 1993 to 2013 revealed that there was a decline in groundwater table in four blocks out of seven blocks of the study area. The maximum fall in groundwater table was observed in Ganaur block Ganaur block expand near the bank of Yamuna River so that land of Ganaur block is a store house of fresh water. Due to fresh water withdrawal of groundwater in Ganaur block is high. There was 0.06 meter per annum decline in groundwater table in the entire Sonipat district during 1993 to 2013 in all seven blocks of the Sonipat district.

1. Anonymous (2011) Administrative Atlas of Haryana, “Haryana – A Geo-Historical Outline. Director of Census Operations”, Haryana. 228-235.
2. Anonymous (2001) Agriculture Contingency Plan of district Sonipat, Department of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Haryana, 1-2.
3. Anonymous, (2013) Groundwater Cell Rohtak, Agricultural Department, Haryana.
4. Anonymous, (2014) Overview: DARE / ICAR Annual Report 2013-14: Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi: Department of Agricultural Research and Education, 1-8.
5. Lam N. S. N. (1983) The American Cartographer. 10,129-149.
6. Rathee A., Sharma R., and Dahiya S.S. (2009) Comprehensive district agriculture plan (C- DAP) (Last accessed 13th May 2015).
7. Anonymous (2013) Statistical Abstract of Haryana, Chandigarh: Department of Economics and Statistical Analysis, Haryana, 2012 – 13.