ECOFRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF WILT COMPLEX IN BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

N. UMASHANKAR KUMAR¹*, A. NATARAJA², K.N. MUNISWAMYGOWDA^3
1Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Hassan, 573225, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, 560 065, India
²Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Hassan, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, 560 065, India
³Department of Agri. Entomology, College of Agriculture, Hassan, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, 560 065, India
* Corresponding Author : umapathologist@gmail.com

Received : 14-10-2018     Accepted : 26-10-2018     Published : 30-10-2018
Volume : 10     Issue : 20       Pages : 7415 - 7420
Int J Agr Sci 10.20 (2018):7415-7420

Keywords : Burrowing nematode, black pepper, Trichoderma harzianum, P. lilacinum
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Author thankful to University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, 560 065, India
Author Contribution : All authors equally contributed

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), known as the “King of spices” and “black gold” is prone to attack by burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis and fungal wilt pathogen, Phytophthora capsici causing wilt complex and considerable yield loss. The field experiment was carried out in the farmer’s field, with a view to evaluate bioagents (Trichoderma harzianum, Purpureomyces lilacinum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis), organic amendment (Neem cake) and chemicals (Carbofuran and Bordeaux mixture) separately and in combination for the management of Radopholus similis and Phytophthora capsici. The final population of R. similis in soil was lowest in T4: Bordeaux mixture (1 %) + P. lilacinum (50 g) (302.66/200 cc soil), followed by T6: Carbofuran 3G (15 g) (335.33 nematodes/200 cc soil), T13: Bordeaux mixture (1%)+ Carbofuran- 3G (15 g) (349.33 nematodes/200 cc soil) and T11: P. lilacinum (50 g) (371.33 nematodes/200 cc sol) as compared to untreated control (922.00 nematodes/200 cc soil) respectively. The final root population of R. similis was minimum in T4: Bordeaux mixture (1 %) + P. lilacinum (50 g) (150.66/5 g roots) followed by T13: Carbofuran 3G (15 g) (178.00 /5 g roots nematodes) as compared to untreated control (478.00/5 g roots) respectively. The lowest foliar yellowing, defoliation and lesion indices were observed in the treatment T4: Bordeaux mixture (1 %) + P. lilacinum (50 g) (1.33, 1.00 and 1.00) followed by T2: Bordeaux mixture (1 %) + T. harzianum (50 g) (1.66, 1.33 and 1.00) and these two treatments were on par with each other. Vines treated with Bordeaux mixture (1 %) spray + T. harzianum (50 g) recorded maximum dry berry weight of 2.27 g / vine and it was on par with vines treated with Bordeaux mixture (1 %) + P. lilacinum (50 g) with 2.05 g/vine. However, untreated control vines recorded lowest dry berry weight (0.63 g) and it was on par with Carbofuran 3G (15 g) (1.04g).

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