ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WEEDY RICE (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) IN RELATION TO RICE RELATIVES OF ODISHA, INDIA

UMAKANTA NGANGKHAM¹, JAWAHAR LAL KATARA², MADHUCHHANDRA PARIDA³, MONALISA MOHANTY⁴, C. PARAMESWARAN⁵, AWADHESH KUMAR⁶, BHASKAR CHANDRA PATRA⁷, ONKAR NATH SINGH⁸, SANGHAMITRA SAMANTARAY⁹*
¹National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
²National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
³National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
⁴National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
⁵National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
⁶National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
⁷National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
⁸National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
⁹National Rice Research Institute (Formerly CRRI), Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
* Corresponding Author : smitraray@gmail.com

Received : 19-08-2016     Accepted : 18-09-2016     Published : 01-11-2016
Volume : 8     Issue : 53       Pages : 2631 - 2637
Int J Agr Sci 8.53 (2016):2631-2637

Keywords : Weedy rice, Red rice, Genetic diversity, Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR), genetic relationship
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : The authors wish to thank Director, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly CRRI), Odisha for providing all the facilities required in the present studies.
Author Contribution : None declared

Weedy rice is one of the most important noxious weed that infests commonly in the direct seeded rice fields worldwide. As weedy rice is conspecific form of cultivated rice, it is very difficult to discriminate it from the cultivars at its early growth stages, which are also difficult to control. Moreover, as the emergence of weedy rice is still obscure, the present study aimed at assessing the genetic diversity of seventy-five weedy rice collected from different regions of Odisha, India along with fifteen wild rice, three landraces and three popular cultivars grown in same field or in adjacent regions to understand the origin of weedy rice using SSR markers. A total of 14 SSR markers produced on an average of 4.12 alleles across 14 loci amplified. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.292 (RM 282) to 0.54 (RM 339) in all loci with an average of 0.48. The percentages of polymorphic loci were found to be 100%, 85.71% and 57.14% in weedy rice, wild rice and cultivars respectively, with the average of 80.95%. The dendrogram generated by UPGMA-based analysis clustered all the 96 individuals in three major groups with a similarity coefficient of 0.67. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed 30.27% of all genetic variation was clustered in first two components in the analysis. Similar to cluster analysis, structure analysis also clustered all the rice genotypes into three major groups comprising of 96 genotypes (weedy rice, weedy rice, wild rice, landraces and cultivars and admixtures respectively). This is the first preliminary report of weedy rice diversity in India, which shows the evolution of weedy rice as a complex phenomenon. This needs further studies for better understanding of weedy rice evolution in India using more number of markers along with genes responsible for domestication of rice.