ISSN : 0975-3710
EISSN : 0975-9107
ARVIND KUMAR1*, SUDHIR TRIPATHI2, ROHIT K.SINGH3, MANOJ KUMAR4
1Department of Chemistry, Narain P.G.College, Shikohabad, U.P.
2Department of Chemistry, D.B.S.P.G.College, Kanpur, U.P.
3Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru P.G.College, Banda, U.P.
4Department of Chemistry, Bhabha Institute of Technology, Kanpur, U.P.
* Corresponding Author : arvindkumarskb@gmail.com
Received : 31-10-2011 Accepted : 14-11-2011 Published : 15-12-2011
Volume : 3 Issue : 3 Pages : 118 - 120
Int J Agr Sci 3.3 (2011):118-120
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-3710.3.3.118-120
Conflict of Interest : None declared
The present manuscript covers the toxicological studies of some amides of sulphosalicylic acid which are synthesized by reported method using reaction of suitable amines with 5-sulphosalicylic acid in 2:1 ratio and are found highly effective against different biological system.
sulphosalicylic acid, contact toxicity, stomach toxicity, antifeedant and acaricidal activity.
Nitrogen and sulphur containing organic compounds plays an important role, not only in life science but also in many other industrial fields related to special and fine chemistry. It is well known in literature that nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds are essentially used in medical purpose for the treatment of different kinds of fungal and bacterial infections along with treatment of various kinds of acute diseases. The organic moiety having nitrogen and sulfur atom results towards higher efficiency against various diseases because sulfur is capable to interaction with receptor [1-4] . Therefore highly used in the treatment of various tumors along with gastric ulcers [5-9] . We have already reported the synthesis and biological activity of some nitrogen and sulphur based compounds in recent and the present manuscript covers the part of that work which was not published earlier.
The synthesis of these compounds was reported by our group earlier [10] . The compounds were generally synthesized by the reaction of 5-sulphosalicylic acid with respective amine in (1:2) ratio in ethanol. The compounds are crystalline solids and stable at room temperature. The experiments regarding toxicological activity on insects and mites are given as under.
The contact toxicity of these compounds was tested by the topical application method [11] . Fourth instar larvae of Spodoptera litura were used for this purpose. About 30 larvae were used for each concentration. The compounds were first dissolved in acetone and different concentrations were prepared. Now each concentrations were applied on the dorsal surface of the larvae (about 10 μl in each larvae separately). Insects treated only with acetone are served as control and left for 24 hrs. After 24 hrs the mortality was recorded and treatment mortality was corrected with the control mortality. These mortality data were used for calculating LC50.
The stomach toxicity of these compounds was tested by the leaf-dip method [12] . In this technique, the leaf discs of about 25 cm2 were prepared out of caster leafs and were dipped for 30 sec in various concentration of the test compounds. (The compounds were dissolved in acetone and various concentrations were prepared). The leaf discs dipped only in acetone alone are served as control. Now air dried the leaf discs to evaporate the excess acetone. The fourth instar larvae of Spodoptera litura were used for this purpose ten larvae were used for each replication and three replications were used (maintained) for each concentration. The dried leaf discs were now offered for feeding. The mortality was recorded after 24 hrs and treatment mortality was corrected with control mortality. The mortality data were used for calculating LC50.
The antifeedant activity of these compounds was tested by the leaf dip method [12] . In this method the leaf discs of about 25 cm2 were prepared out of caster leaf and were dipped for 30 seconds in various concentrations of the test compounds (The compounds were dissolved in acetone and various concentrations were prepared). The leaf discs dipped only in acetone alone were served as control. Now air dried the leaf discs to evaporate the excess acetone. The fourth instar larvae of Spodoptera litura were used for this purpose. Ten larvae were used for each replication and three replications were used for each concentration. The dried leaf discs were offered for feeding and allowed to feed for 24 hrs; after 24 hrs the leaf area uneaten was measured using leaf area meter. The difference between leaf area provided and the leaf are left over was taken as amount of leaf area consumed. The feeding inhibition was calculated is used for calculating the EC50/LD50 value.
The acaricidal activity of these compounds was tested by leaf dip method [12] . In this method, the compound was dissolved in distilled water or acetone and different concentrations were prepared using 0.2% tween 20 as emulsifier. The leaf discs of mulberry (5 cm2 dia) were dipped in different concentrations for 30 seconds. Now air dried and placed over wet cotton in Petri dishes. Adult’s female mites (Tetranychus species) were released on treated leaf discs and mortality was recorded after 48 hrs after treatment. These mortality data were used for calculation of the LC50/LD50 value.
All the compounds were crystalline solid and quite stable at room temperature with good yield (70-75%). The compounds were soluble in polar solvents. They have sharp melting points. The molecular weights of the compounds were determined cryoscopically and their infra red spectra (FTIR) were recorded in a Perkin-Elmer spectrophotometer in 4000-200 cm–1 range. The structures of the synthesized compounds are given below.
1) C21H20N2O6S [Fig-1] .
2) C17H14N2O4S [Fig-2] .
3) C18H16N4O4S [Fig-3] .
4) C27H20N2O4S [Fig-4] .
5) C19H14N2O4SCl [Fig-5] .
6) C7H10N4O4S [Fig-6] .
The contact toxicity of these compounds was tested against the fourth instar larvae of Spodoptera litura using different concentration of the test compounds in acetone by adding tween 20 emulsifier. The mortality data was used for calculating LC50/LD50 of respective compounds. It was found that compounds show higher activity against the larvae of insects. The activity again depends on the constituents atoms of the compound that is the presence of nitrogen, Sulphur along with polar groups increases the activity against the insect by creating the spasmic condition.
The stomach toxicity of these compounds was checked against the same larvae of insect, Spodoptera litura using different concentration of the compounds in acetone and by adding tween 20 as emulsifier. The mortality data were used to calculate LC50/LD50 value. It was found that activity of the compounds show highest mortality. The presence of nitrogen, Sulphur along with polar groups increases the activity against the insect by creating the spasmic condition.
Antifeedant activity of these compounds was evaluated against fourth instar larvae of Spodoptera litura using different concentration of the test compound in acetone by adding tween 20 as emulsifier. Mortality data was used to calculate the LC50/LD50 of the respective compounds. All the respective compounds show remarkable antifeedant activity against the insect.
The acaricidal activity of these compounds was assayed against Tetranychus species of mites. Different concentrations of the compounds were prepared in acetone and by adding tween 20 as emulsifier. Approximately all these compounds show moderate to higher activity against mites. The constituents atoms of the compound that is the presence of nitrogen, Sulphur along with polar groups increases the activity against the insect by creating the spasmic condition.
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 | Fig. 1- C21H20N2O6S |
 | Fig. 2- C17H14N2O4S |
 | Fig. 3- C18H16N4O4S |
 | Fig. 4- C27H20N2O4S |
 | Fig. 5- C19H14N2O4SCl |
 | Fig. 6- C7H10N4O4S |
 | Table 1- Contact toxicity at 24 hrs |
 | Table 2- Stomach toxicity data at 24 hrs |
 | Table 3- Antifeedant activity at 24 hrs. |
 | Table 4- Acaricidal activity at 24 hrs |