The present study aims to find out food and nutritional security in North- East region of India by simple tabular method during 2001 to 2011 period. The study found that NE region according to demand deficient in production of food grain, oilseeds, milk, fish and egg but this region was surplus in case of fruits, vegetables and meat production. In NE region food grain production has increased by (28%) during 2001 to 2011 and it was highest in case of Nagaland (60%) followed by Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Assam while Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Nagaland found surplus in food grain production. While in rice production the increased was highest in case of Nagaland followed by Manipur, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh but Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland having surplus in rice production. All the states of NER were found deficient in pulse production and deficiency ranged from 21 to 92 percent in Sikkim and Meghalaya. The oil seed production in NER was increased by 15 percent during 2001 to 2011, where Manipur 26 percent was next to Nagaland 27 percent. Except Nagaland the highest increase of fruits production was documented in order in Mizoram, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh. The vegetable production in NER was increased by 37 percent during 2001 to 2011, recorded highest in Manipur 164% followed by Mizoram 159 percent. In terms of total fish production this region was around 302.99 thousand tonnes which was less than total fish requirement for this region. The milk and eggs production was also deficient in this region which were around 61 percent and 85 percent respectively, whereas this region having surplus in meat production around 46 percent during 2001 to 2011 and at state level highest growth was in Tripura 1071 percent followed by Nagaland 237 percent. The study has suggested that the pulse production can be increased horizontally by utilizing a part of 1.67 Million ha area under Jhum cultivation and mixed cropping with other crops area and production of pulses could be increased vertically and there is need for increasing the cropping intensity through diversification of crops with action oriented mega national programme for the rain fed and hilly eco-systems of the regions with concerted efforts from all line departments.

Multidrug resistant bacterial strains are posing a lot of difficulties for the treating physician and also mounting to huge economic burden on the patient and hospitals Among them MRSA is one of the important pathogen. Material & methods: Samples collected from various department of our hospital as per the standard protocol were processed in our lab. S. aureus isolates, were screened for Methicillin resistance by cefoxitin disc and susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method as per the CLSI guidelines. Out of the 953 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus 300 (31.4%) isolates were MRSA sample wise highest isolation of MRSA was from blood 32.56% and pus 32.52% sex wise 165 (55%) from males, department wise from Surgical wards 134(44.6%)and among the antimicrobials tested linezolid (0%), vancomycin(0%) showed the least resistance followed by amikacin 05%. Conclusion: MRSA is an important pathogen for nosocomial infections so studying prevalence of this pathogen in various clinical samples and screening for MRSA colonization in health care workers will help in hospital infection control practices. vancomycin ,linezolid were found to be highly effective.

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. R. Br.) is an important cereal crop in India, which forms stable diet for nearly ten percent Indian population. Smut caused by Tolyposporium penicillariae Bref. is the most common and wide spread disease of pearl millet in Northern India. It is also a major biotic constraint for pearl millet grain and fodder production in Northern Madhya Pradesh. In present study a set of twenty plant extracts (at 20% concentration) along with control (Only PDA) were evaluated against test pathogen under laboratory conditions at Agriculture college of Gwalior during 2015-16. All these plant extracts were significantly inhibited mycelial growth of smut pathogen. The highest mycelial inhibition percent was found in case of Eucalyptus sp. (86.56%) which was followed by Azadirachta indica (seed) (79.65%), Parthenium historophorus (74.11%) and Azadirachta indica leaves extract (73.52%). The minimum percent inhibition was found in case of Allium cepa (16.40%) which was followed by Zinziber officinale (18.9%), Allium sativum (26.29%), Aegle marmelos (27.86%), Polyalthea longifolia (29.25%).

Yamuna is one of the important river of India and its stretch through Delhi is its most polluted part. Therefore it is important to study the effects of pollutants on microbial community structure to restorate it. For bioremediation, microbial community is needed to be investigated. 16S rDNA cloning technique was employed to study the microbial community composition. Results were analyzed by Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to understand the impact of environmental variables and coupled with Principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) to compare the diversity composition between the samples. Representative strains belonging to genera Geobacter, Sphaerobacter, Exinguobacterium and Eubacterium were dominant in the soil adjacent to contaminated river water. The presence of Geobacter indicated the phenolic compounds and organic compounds contamination in the river. On the other hand, the presence of Sphaerobacter indicated the sewage wastes in water while Exinguobacterium and Eubacterium showed the contamination of heavy metals. The indigenous bacterial communities were capable of decreasing the level of pollutants in the river water.

Screening twenty genotypes of carnation for resistance against two isolatesviz., IIHR and Pune of Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. dianthi, revealed that the genotypes varied in their response to the presence of the pathogen. It was observed that the genotype Loris, took the least number of days for first symptom appearance in both IIHR (39.5 days) and Pune isolates (38.5 days), whereas, the genotype Gioele took the highest number of days for the isolate IIHR (60 days) and the genotype Praga for the isolate Pune (57 days). In addition, the genotype Praga recorded the least per cent disease incidence for both IIHR (24.99 %) and Pune (16.66 %) isolates and also the least disease severity for both IIHR (8.56 %) and Pune (8.98 %) isolates.