The present investigation was conducted to explore the histo-architectural study of both the gravid and non-gravid oviducts of garole sheep. No line of demarcation between lamina propria and tunica submocosa because of the absence of lamina muscularis. Lamina epithelialis was composed of pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia on maximum cells. The epithelial height was more in gravid oviduct. The height and branching of the longitudinal folds of tunica mucosa were more in gravid oviduct. The elastic fibers were found mainly in the wall of blood vessels. Comparatively the average diameter of glandular epithelium was maximum in gravid oviduct. In both the groups the apical borders of lining epithelium showed strong PAS positive reaction. There was no longitudinal muscular layer in tunica muscularis and the collagen fibers were interspersed within the circular muscles layers. A very less amount of mucopolysaccharides were present in both the tunica muscularis and tunica serosa layers.

An investigation was carried out to study the efficiency of bacterial endophytes isolated from small millets for biocontrol of Sclerotium rolfsii, a causal organism of sheath blight in foxtail millet (Setaria italica variety Si A 3085 TL) grown in seedling trays under glass house conditions. Out of the total isolates obtained from small millets, 12 isolates inhibited mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Isolates, KMS5 and KMS1 recorded highest antifungal activity (83.33 % and 62.22 % inhibition respectively) and KMS1 took 10.75 and KMS5 took 10.85 days for 50% germination compared to control (13.00 days) which received only pathogen. Further, lowest pre emergence disease incidence was observed with KMS5 (18.33 %) followed by KMS1 (18.75 %) whereas control with pathogen recorded highest pre emergence disease incidence (54.16). Least post emergence disease (13.91) and biocontrol efficiency (72.22 %) was observed with KMS5. Apart from showing antagonistic activity, KMS5 has recorded maximum root length (16.90 cm), shoot length (12.30 cm), root dry weight (0.157 g), shoot dry weight (0.769 g), and maximum seedling vigour index (2384.47) followed by KMS1 isolate.

In carrier-based inoculants, peat, wood charcoal and lignite are used as carriers and these inoculants suffer from poor quality, high contamination and unpredictable field performance. Whereas, Liquid biofertilizers of good quality hold great promise in agriculture. It contains special cell protectants or substances that encourage the formation of resting spores or cysts for longer shelf life and protect the cells against seed toxicity after seed application. In the present study, carrier and liquid based Biofertilizers (Rhizobium & PSB) were obtained from different firms to evaluate their quality. The shelf life of biofertilizers was estimated using suitable media for viable count. Microbial population of beneficial bacteria in carrier and liquid based Biofertilizers was monitored at monthly intervals. The microbial analysis revealed that there was a decreased in the population (viable count) and contamination of carried based biofertilizers was more when compared to liquid based biofertilizers. The carrier based biofertilizers maintained constant viable count only first three months when compared to liquid it is maintained up to five to six months.

Study on seed development and maturation revealed that optimum stage of physiological maturity was attained at 42 DAA and 35 DAA in foxtail and little millet, respectively which was accompanied by maximum length and breadth of panicle, fresh and dry weight accumulation in panicle and seeds, 1000 seed weight, enzyme activities and nutrient accumulation such as α-amylase content, dehydrogenase activity, carbohydrate content, calcium content and phosphorus content with decreased moisture content in panicle and seeds.

Melioidosis is an emerging infection with increased mortality due to multi-organ involvement. We here with presenting a case of primary pulmonary Melioidosis with secondary septicaemia in a male patient 34year old patient. The patient was successfully treated with ceftazidime on timely and correct identification of the causative organism Burkholderia pseudomalei. Gram negative bacilli showing Polymyxin B resistance should give a clue for suspecting Burkholderia pseudomalei.

Rice false smut [Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi] is an upcoming major disease in India. The initiation of the disease was recorded the 88th day after sowing and 9th September in 2017 and 86th day after sowing and 14th September in 2018. The incidence of false smut starts from 1.55 percent at 36 MSW and reached to 7.22 percent at 42 MSW in 2017 while, 0.53 percent at 37 MSW and reached to 6.68 percent at 42 MSW in 2018. However, in pooled of two years, the first symptom of false smut was recorded on 36 MSW (0.77 %) and reached to 42 MSW (6.95 %). Correlation coefficient study between weather parameters and disease incidence indicated that all the parameters jointly played an important role in the development of false smut disease. Moreover, maximum and average temperature, morning and average relative humidity, morning and average cloudy weather and sunshine hours were found to play important role in the disease development. Stepwise regression, R-value i.e., 0.89, 0.80 and 0.75 percent and co-efficient of determination, R2-value i.e., 79.90, 64.70 and 56.90 percent were found high during 2017, 2018 and pooled of two year, respectively. These high R-value indicating a strong association between percent disease incidence to weather parameters.

The present investigation was carried out to study on soil moisture depletion pattern of wheat to different irrigation scheduling. The experiment was conducted during the period from November to April in 2016-17 and 2017-18 in the experiment field of Research Farm at BSP (Soybean) unit, Department of Physics and Agro-meteorology, College of Agricultural Engineering, J.N.K.V.V, Jabalpur (M.P.).The experiment was laid out in Double Split Plot Design with three replication. Main treatment: Sowing date (3 levels at 15 days interval): D1: 30 November; D2: 15 December; D3: 30 December. Sub plot treatment: Varieties (2 varieties used): V1: GW-366 and V2: MP1202. Sub-sub plot treatment: Irrigation (3 levels): I1: crown root initiation +flowering stage; I2: crown root initiation + late jointing +milking stage; I3: crown root initiation+ tillering+ flowering+ milking stage. Soil moisture depletion pattern of wheat varieties are not showing differently as for as moisture use is concerned. Irrigation level I3 was always registered greater moisture content throughout the growing period with significant over other two, but (I2) can save irrigation water with only marginal yield reduction compared to (I3) irrigation treatment. The results showed that in treatment (I2) favorable soil moisture was maintained and optimum water productivity and yield of wheat was recorded with marginal reduction in yield and save water as compared to (I3).

Zinc is an important micronutrient and its adequate supply is considered indispensable for growth, development and normal functioning of plants. Interaction between soil microbes and minerals play a major role in environment cycling process, which leads to the mobilization of nutrient from soil component into available forms for biological uptake which enhances plant growth and yield. In this study ZSB was isolated from various crops rhizosphere soils from different regions of Thoothukudi district. The isolates were characterized biochemically and screened based on solubilisation potential of zinc. Among the bacterial isolates, ZSB 3 was found to be the best strain that showed maximum zinc solubilization potential.

The main criteria of this research were to isolate organism from green coffee bean which can degrade insecticide (chloropyrifos). Coffee bean crushed and inoculated in MSM medium incubated at static condition on shaker for 1 week then transfer to fresh MSM medium of one-week incubation each. Then the organism was isolated on MSM agar medium by T plate method & spread plate method. Then the organism was characterized by biochemical test. This organism was characterized by CSIR-NCL Pune for 16s RNA sequencing. The organism was found to resemble (Enterobacter chuandaensis) by 16s RNA. This organism was exposed to different concentration of chlorpyrifos(2%,1%,0.5%,0.3%,0.2%) and spectrophotometer analysis was carried out and best result of degradation was obtained in 0.5%. result showed that coffee bean was an adequate nutrient source for bacterial growth and it significantly enhanced chlorpyrifos biodegradation.