Assembling of hybrid varieties that had superior agronomic character in plant breeding programs was by crossing two or more plants that have superior character. The present study was carried out at the Department of Fruit Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry with the aim of studying the performance of strawberry F1 hybrids and parents for flowering, fruiting and vegetative parameters in field conditions. Seven strawberry cultivars were crossed in all possible combinations to provide a total of 42 F1 hybrids and seven inbred lines used as parents. Among hybrids, ‘Gorella x Selva’ (8/2/17) was earliest in initiation of flowering followed by ‘Chandler x Ofra’ (11/2/17). F1 Hybrid ‘Sweet Charlie x Chandler’ flowered late (16/3/17). ‘Gorella’ among parental lines, was earliest in flowering (10/2/17). On the other hand, ‘Addie’ was earliest in completion (end) of flowering (21/3/17). Hybrid combination ‘Gorella x Selva’ completed flowering very soon (10/3/17). Fruit weight ranged from 7.02 to 9.73 g among parents. Hybrid combination ‘Gorella x Chandler’ had heaviest fruit (15.64 g). Maximum number of fruit per plant was in parental line ‘Gorella’ (17.31) whereas amongst F1 hybrids, it was in ‘Chandler x Gorella’ (28.59) which was statistically at par with ‘Selva x Gorella’ (26.47). Plant height ranged from 16.52 cm (Addie) to 25.87 cm (Gorella) among parental lines. ‘Selva x Chandler’ (28.61 cm) produced maximum plant height. Leaf number among parents and F1 hybrids varied from 17.56 to 21.58 and 16.74 to 26.48 respectively. Hybrid, ‘Chandler x Gorella’ (26.48) registered maximum leaf number.

Evaluation of a set of 43 diverse genotypes of Soybean was carried out for their pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) tolerance and other important agroeconomic traits. Significant differences among the various characters of the genotypes under study were revealed through analysis of variance. Seed germination % in pods (SGP), was used as a measure of PHS tolerance. It ranged from 10.23 in DSb 30-2 to 74.4 in the cultivar JS 20-116. The character association studies revealed significant association of various plant, pod and seed traits with pre-harvest sprouting in soybean. The study also provided information on the performance of some of the popular soybean cultivars with respect to their PHS tolerance and identified some soybean genotypes with relatively low PHS. However, comprehensive field evaluation is required before these genotypes can be used in breeding programmes

In the fast-changing world, the trend of vegetable consumption is increasing and molecular science has emerged unequivocally as the leading discipline for its genetic improvement. Cloning of genes governing important traits is one of the main objectives of molecular genetics. The map-based cloning approach has been applied in plant genetics to identify genes having a major effect on the phenotypic variations. Characterizing the causative allelic variation establishes the in vivo function of genes. The basic idea behind map-based cloning is to clone the gene based on knowing its chromosomal location. Map-based cloning or positional cloning refers to the process to recognize the underlying cause of variation in a mutant phenotype without prior assumptions or knowledge of specific genes. For this approach to be successful, a large number of polymorphic markers are required to delimit the gene within a sufficiently small genetic interval of less than 1 cM. Statistical association analyses between molecular polymorphisms of the candidate genes and variation in the trait of interest have also been carried out in a few studies. To validate the gene, physiological analyses, genetic transformation and/or sexual complementation experiments are practiced. A brief summary of fine mapped/cloned genes in vegetable crops is discussed here. The goal of this paper is to present an overview of map-based cloning analyses in plant genetics with special reference to vegetable crops

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Spot blotch (SB), caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is one of the most destructive diseases of barley (Hordeum vulgare) especially in tropical humid and semi-humid barley growing areas of the world. Agro-phenological traits; plant height (PHT) and days to 50% heading (DTH) are important in barley life cycle and development of superior cultivars. In the present study, association of SB with agro-phenological traits were investigated in 124 germplasm lines and two F3 and F4 populations derived from the two different crosses under SB prone environment. Results showed significant variation for PHT, DTH and SB resistance in the germplasm, parental lines and its F3 and F4 populations. Transgressive segregates were observed among the lines for PHT, DTH and SB severity. The t-test's statistical significance of homozygous resistant and homozygous susceptible families selected from F3 and F4 populations of both crosses indicates that the differences for mean values of PHT and DTH is not significant however these families showed a wide range of PHT and DTH. The correlation coefficients for AUDPC versus PHT and DTH were weak, i.e., 0.00 to 0.22 indicating that spot blotch resistance was independent of PHT and DTH in germplasm and segregating generations. The basic information generated in present study could help the breeders for development of SB resistant varieties for different geographic regions and different uses

45 rice genotypes were evaluated at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial, Telangana during Kharif, 2014 revealed presence of ample amount of variability among the genotypes studied. Clustering pattern revealed no correlation between grouping pattern of genotypes and their origin. Highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VIII (17.59) followed by II and VIII (15.91), V and VIII (15.66) and I and VIII (15.05) and genotypes from these cluster could be used as parents for obtaining desirable segregants. Genotypes from clusters I, II and IV could yield early maturity genotypes and JGL 21800 and JGL 11470 are good source for developing gall midge resistant lines. Segregants with good head rice recovery could be possible by using genotypes from clusters III, IV and VI as parents. Effective bearing tillers per plant which is an important yield contributing character contributed maximum (27.2%) towards total divergence, hence present experiment material could be used to improve this trait in desirable direction.