Reactive Oxygen species (ROS) are believed to be responsible for pathogenesis of various diseases affecting tissues and the main organ, the Liver. Hence, in the present study, the extent of Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) and ROS elimination and its defense mechanisms by the enzymic & non enzymic antioxidants in liver & serum was investigated. Hepatoxicity was manifested by significantly decreased (p<0.05) levels in the activities of the enzymic antioxidants such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD) Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase and the non enzymic antioxidants such as glutathione & Vitamin C in rats induced hepatic damage by ethanol Simultaneous administration of the leaf extract Mimosa pudica along with the toxin ethanol in rats showed a considerable protection against the toxin induced oxidative stress and liver damage as evidence by a significant increase (p<0.05) in antioxidant activities. The study reveals that the co administration of Mimosa pudica aqueous extract significantly lowered the level of lipid peroxidation in alcohol fed mice.

Oncoproteomics is the study of proteins and their interactions in a cancer cell by proteomic technologies and has the potential to revolutionize clinical practice, including cancer diagnosis. Oncoproteomics screening based on proteomic platforms as a complement to histopathology, individualized selection of therapeutic combinations that target the entire cancer-specific protein network, real-time assessment of therapeutic efficacy and toxicity and rational modulation of therapy based on changes in the cancer protein network associated with prognosis and drug resistance. Oncoproteomics refers to the application of proteomic technologies in oncology and parallels the related field of oncogenomics. The challenges ahead and perspectives of oncoproteomics for biomarkers development are also addressed. With a wealth of information that can be applied to a broad spectrum of biomarker research projects serves as a reference for biomarker researchers, scientists working in proteomics and bioinformatics, oncologists, pharmaceutical scientists, biochemists, biologists, and chemists.

Protein interactions and their specificity play important roles in protein structure and functions. Identification and characterization of protein interfaces is thus important for the study. Adhesive interactions can be considered as one of the key features of many interactions. Computational approach can be applied to great extent in identifying disease specific genes. For instance, Nfat and tat proteins have specific roles related to diseases whose roles can be studied. Apoptosis is considered as a crucial part of many cellular activities and is shown to be related to proteolysis, inflammatory responses, in cancer perturbed protein interaction and mitochondrial dynamics.

This article reviews the available literature on the regulation of miRNA processing that occurs within normal cells and embryonic stem cells, during development or in diseases such as cancer. Also, explains miRNA biogenesis process for which regulation occurs. RNA editing of miRNA precursors, regulation by RNA binding proteins, alterations in the levels of key processing proteins, as well as a number of unknown mechanisms contribute to the regulation of miRNA processing as well as miRNA expression pattern during adipogenesis.

Proteins are vital parts of living organisms, as they are the main components of the physiological metabolic pathways of cells. Protein profiling is recognized & powerful method of classifying new protein families and to use conserved region within multiple alignment of the related protein. The human proteome is dynamic, changing constantly in response to the needs of the body. The proteome also changes in response to cancer and other diseases, making the proteome of great interest to medical researchers. Cancer research ranges from epidemiology, molecular bioscience (bench research) to the performance of clinical trials to evaluate and compare applications of the various cancer treatments. These applications include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy.

Neuraminidase (NA) is the enzyme coded by Influenza-A virus genome that catalyzes the removal of terminal sialic acid residues from viral and cellular glycoconjugates. It cleaves off the terminal sialic acids on the glycosylated NA during virus budding to facilitate virus release, making it most important target for designing drug against Flu. Recently cases are reported of Influenza virus becoming resistant to NA inhibitors like Oseltamivir. The outbreak of Swine flu and its resistance to oseltamivir is suspected to be caused due to mutation H274Y in the enzyme neuraminidase of H1N1 strain of influenza virus. This work involved active site analysis, molecular docking and binding energy studies on NA that demonstrate the conformational changes in active site which might result in increase in binding energy of oseltamivir when it is mutated as H274Y.

New drug target discovery is currently very popular with a great potential for advancing biomedical research and chemical genomics. Drug discovery is the process of discovering and designing drugs that includes target identification, target validation, lead identification, lead optimization and introduction of the new drugs to the public. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the most important drug targets. In the current scenario of drug research, approximately 60% of drug target molecules are located at the cell surface, and half of them are GPCRs. Fragment-based drug discovery is established as an alternative approach to high-throughput screening for generating novel small molecule drug candidates. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have seen recent popularity due to their favorable physical, chemical, and biological properties, and great efforts have been made to target nanoDDSs to specific cellular receptors. Protein-protein interactions regulate a wide variety of important cellular pathways, and therefore represent a highly populated class of targets for drug discovery. An analysis of individual proteinprotein interaction systems has recently yielded success in the discovery of drug-like inhibitors.

Reaction of anthranilic acid with an excess equivalent of benzoyl chloride in dry pyridine afforded 2- phenyl- 4H- benzo [d] [1, 3] oxazin- 4- one (I) which on reaction with
-aminoethanol (cholamine) in pyridine solvent yielded 3- (2- hydroxyethyl) - 2- phenylquinazolin- 4(3H)- one (II). When (II) was reacted with 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine) in conc. H2SO4, 3- [2- (8- hydroxy- quinolin- 5- yl) ethyl] 2- phenylquinazolin - 4(3H)- one (III) was obtained which on reaction with primary aromatic amines and excess of aromatic aldehydes furnished 3- [2- (3- benzoyl- 2, 4- diphenyl- 3, 4- dihydro- 2H- [1, 3] oxazino [5, 6-h] quinazolin- 6- yl) ethyl- 2- phenyl- quinazolin -H(3H)- ones (IV). The target compounds (IV) and the intermediates (III) were evaluated for their antihyperglycemic activity in sucrose loaded rat models.