Power law, degree, rank, metabolic networks, graph theory, log-log scale. metabolic pathways, bioinformatics, switches, cell components. Genetic Algorithm (GA), Association Rules, Support, Confidence, Data Mining SOA, Web services, SOAP, WEB2.0, xml XML Schema, Relational database, XML DTD, DTD graph, Object Oriented Database Decision Support Systems, Geographic Information Systems, Multcriteria decision making Transportation problem, multi-objective transportation problem, multi-index, linear membership function, non-linear membership function MADM, Fuzzy, Triangular fuzzy number, T.V., Uncertainty data mining, regression, dispersion theory, sequence mining, variable key Content-Based Image Retrieval CBIR, feature extraction, Information retrieval, Image retrieval, Image databases, Wireless Communication, Mobile Learning. Data Warehouse, Record Linkage, Token, Blocking Records, Record Comparisons, Duplicate Data Handwritten character recognition, invariant moments. Land use and Land Cover (LULC), Change Detection, Spatial Data Mining, Photogrammetry