The present study was undertaken to investigate & rationalize the diuretic activity of Kigelia pinnata aqueous extract of bark in experimental rats. The preliminary phytochemical investigation was carried out to identify the various chemical constituents present in the extract. It was found that the KPB contain alkaline carbohydrate, glycosides, saponin, proteins, steroids, and flavonoids, tannic & phenolic compounds. Acute toxicity studies revealed that the KPB was safe up to 5000mg/kg. The diuretic properties of KPB were evaluated by determination of urine volume, electrolyte concentration &diuretic potency in male albino rats. Different concentrations of KPB (250mg/kg, 500mg/kg) were orally administered to hydrated rats & their urine output was immediately measured after 5 hours of treatment. Frusemide (10mg/kg) was used as reference drug while normal saline (0.9%) solution was used as control. KPB exhibited dose dependent diuretic property. The onset of diuretic action was extremely prompt (with in 1 hour) are lasted through out the study period (up to 5 hours). KPB at 500mg/kg displayed highest activity with potency value of 0.80 & dose of 250mg/kg give a value of 0.32 KPB caused mark increase in Na+, K+ & Cl. label. The result suggests that the aqueous extract of KPB possess significant diuretic activity.

Background: The mechanism of Benzo(a)Pyrene toxicity is complicated which alters the physiological system and the production of its by products have severe adverse effects. It is important to verify the mechanism of B(a)P induced damage in order to perform cancer chemotherapy with natural substances. Dietary intake of β-carotene plays a beneficial role in lowering oxidative stress, highly accumulated in fresh water green algae Chlorococcum humicola. Methods: The β-carotene was extracted, purified from C. humicola by column chromatographic method, the structure was confirmed by UV-VIS, NMR and MASS spectrophotometric analysis. Four groups of Swiss albino mice were treated as control, B(a)P, β-carotene, B(a)P+β-carotene respectively for a period of 30 days. Production of Reactive Oxygen species (ROS) and Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed in the blood sample. Lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant status were assessed in various tissue samples. Histopathology of liver was observed. Results: The levels of ROS and lipidperoxidation increased in blood and in collected tissues respectively show the severity of the tissue damage. The TAC, enzymic antioxidants (CAT, SOD and GPx) and non enzymic antioxidants (GSH, Vit A, Vit C, and Vit E) showed significant changes compared with the control mice. The histopathology of liver also confirms the protection of β-carotene from the cellular damage. Conclusion: The overall findings demonstrate the animals post treated with β-carotene from C. humicola may prevent toxicity induced by carcinogenic chemical and hence aid in establishing the chemo preventive effect. Therefore C.humicola can be further extended to exploits its possible application for various health benefits as neutraceuticals and food additives.