Ecological state of inland waters is the condition of the balance of functional relationship between inland waters ecosystem component as abiotic and biotic. Ecological state of inland waters change because of external factors such as land use change in catchment area intensive utilization of lakes that indicated by the dominant of certain biota, water quality changing and food web disruption. Research on the state of the waters of Maninjau lake has been conducted from June until July 2013 in order to determine state of morphological and proportion of land use in the catchment area, state of fish communities, state of water quality and state of trophic. The results showed the elevation 463.12 m above sea level lake surface area is 9,996 ha. Catchment area is 13,260 ha with the largest proportion of land use for forest are 46.11%. Fish community in Maninjau Lake as 16 species, consists of ten species of native and six species of introduced with trophic level are 46.66% herbivorous, 20.00% omnivore and 33.33% carnivore. The dominant activity in Maninjau Lake is floating net cages with the number 16,210 units. The activity has an effect on water quality among others water temperature ranged from 27.5 to 28.5°C, pH ranged from 8 to 10.0, total dissolved suspension maximum 1.65 mg.l-1 and brightness is very low at maximum of 1.5 m. Phosphorus ranged from 0.27 to 0.47 mg.l-1, nitrogen in the ranged from 1.28 to 1.95 mg.l-1 and chlorophyll-a ranged from 0.23603 to 0.28502 mg/m3. Trophic state index values ​​ranged from 77.58 to 80.08, based on the value of Maninjau Lake classified state heavy eutrophic.

The Sundarban mangrove ecosystem in the deltaic complex of the Rivers Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna is shared between Bangladesh (62%) and India (38%) and is the world’s largest coastal wetland. Enormous load of sediments carried by the rivers used to contribute to its expansion and dynamics. The total area of Indian Sundarban region is about 9630 sq. km., out of which the Reserved Forest occupies nearly 4260 sq. km. At present, out of 102 islands of the Indian Sundarban region, 54 are inhabitated with a population of about 4.2 million (2011 census) and the rest of 48 islands are Reserved Forest with mangrove vegetation. A few studies were conducted in the past to monitor the changes in a few islands of Sundarban estuary which had been identified as most vulnerable in terms of coastal erosion, submergence and flooding due to surge and sea level rise. In the present study, nine southern-most islands of Indian Sundarban estuary, facing the Bay of Bengal, were studied for the period 1999 till 2013, through time-series analysis of satellite imageries. The study showed that while a few islands were undergoing gradual erosion. it also revealed continuous emergence of a few more new islands. The present study has tried to establish that other factors like destruction of mangrove vegetation, sediment deposition, natural subsidence and lack of fresh water flow can have more impact on the dynamics of Sundarban islands than the single factor of sea level rise.

Randomly mixture of waste plastics conversion into liquid hydrocarbon fuel with thermal degradation process utilized leftover different percentage of residue. Mixture waste plastics content was high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) and residue mixture content percentage was 5% and 10% for two different experiments under same parameter. Experimental processes were performed under laboratory fume hood without vacuum system and temperature range was used for each experiment 150-420ºC. In the laboratory scale process randomly mixture waste plastics sample was used for each experiment 1000 gm and added extra solid black residue percentage wise. Produced fuel was analyzed by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) and obtained compound indicate that from randomly mixture waste plastics and extra 5% residue to fuel hydrocarbon range is C3H6 to C35H70 and 10% residue and randomly mixture waste plastics to fuel hydrocarbon compound range is C3H6 to C35H70. Produced fuel has aliphatic and aromatic group compounds and fuel could be use in the internal combustion engines, feed for feed stock refinery and electricity generation feed for power plants. Fuels sulfur content less than environmental protection agency (EPA) level.