Diabetes mellitus occurs when the body can’t use glucose normally,and is associated with increased serum triglycerides,decreased serum HDL and sometimes increased serum LDL. The aim of present study was to assay ethnopharmacological effects of Lamium Album consumption on levels of blood glucose and lipids in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 40 male Wistar rats, weighing 200±20 g and 9 to 10 weeks old, were obtained from the animal breeding center of Islamic Azad University. The rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups of 10 animals including: 1- normal control, 2- normal rats treated with extract,3-diabetic control, and 4-diabetics treated with extract. For induction of diabetes, after 15 h fasting, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with alloxan monohydrate at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight (bw), freshly dissolved in distilled water (5%). Animals with fasting blood glucose of 120 to 250 mg/dl were considered diabetic. Results showed a significant difference among animals of groups 3 and 4 with control group during 3rd week. Results showed that blood glucose level on weeks 3 and 6 in groups 3 and 4 was higher than control group significantly. Increased cholesterol level in group 3 was observed on weeks 3 and 6 compared with prior the study. A significant increase in serum triglycerides was observed on weeks 3 and 6 in group 3 compared with prior the study. Measurement of HDL has revealed that this parameter in rats of group 3 decreased significantly in compared with prior the study. Results showed that LDL levels were increased in rats of group 3 in compared with control group.

The USP-NF 2013 describes 4 aminoglycoside chromatography peaks with an elution order of C1, C1a, C2a and C2. The method calculates gentamicin sulfate from a single standard concentration. The USP method for Gentamicin Sulfate Injection is a microbial assay, not a HPLC method. Therefore, the purposes were to evaluate the performance of different C18 columns for separating the aminoglycosides in the USP reference standard, a gentamicin sulfate powder met USP testing specifications, and a commercial injection product, and to construct a multi-point standard curve for calculating each of aminoglycosides rather than from a single concentration. Three LC columns from the same manufacturer were selected: (1) AquaÃ’ C18, 5 micron, (2) LunaÃ’ C18, 5 micron, and (3) Nuc leosilÃ’ C18, 3 micron (all in 4.6 x 150 mm). When samples prepared from a gentamicin sulfate powder met the USP test specifications were injected, only one peak at 8.8 min was displayed in the 35-min runtime chromatograms for Aqua C18 column, while three peaks were displayed for the Nuc leosil C18 column, and four peaks for the Luna column. Standard linearity was obtained from 0.2 to 2 mg/mL. Using the Luna column, the aminoglycosides eluded from the samples prepared from the USP Reference Standard and from a commercial injection USP were noted as three.

Four simple, accurate and reproducible spectrophotometric methods are presented for the determination of two veterinary drugs, flunixin meglumine (flunixin-M) and menbutone in pure form as well as in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The first one (Method A) depends on the formation of a charge-transfer complexes between flunixin-M as n-donor and 2,3-dicholro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), chloranilic acid (CA) and p-Chloranil (CR) as p-acceptors giving colored products quantified spectrophotometrically at 588, 521 and 345 nm, respectively. Beer's plot shows good correlations in the concentration range of 10-100, 50-300 and 10-80 µg mL^-1, respectively. The second method (Method B) depends on the nucleophilic substitution reaction between the cited drug and 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) producing an orange-red colored product measured at 484 nm with a linearity range of 20-120 µg mL^-1. The third method (Method C) is based on the formation of ion pair complexes between menbutone and basic fuchsin (BF), methylene blue (MB) and safranin O (SFNO) in buffered aqueous solution at pH 7.5 ±0.5 with the three dyes to give highly colored complex species extractable with chloroform, measured at 557, 650 and 516 nm, respectively. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 8-40 µg mL^-1 with BF and SFNO or 1-8 µg mL^-1 with MB. The fourth method (Method D) is based on the reaction of carboxylic acid group of menbutone with a mixture of potassium iodate and potassium iodide in aqueous medium at room temperature producing yellow free I₂ having a maximum at 350 nm with a linearity range of 3-20 µg mL^-1. The suggested methods are used to determine the cited drugs in pharmaceutical formulation; flunidyne or menbutone injections with mean recoveries ranging from 98.98-100.99%. The validity of the methods is further assessed by applying the standard addition technique. The obtained results are statistically analyzed and found to be in accordance with those given by manufacturer methods.