Background: The polymorphisms of the Renin- angiotensin -aldosterone system have been extensively studied in various ethnic groups of different populations, but, the results are not consistent in reference to its relationship with the risk of developing hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present work was undertaken to assess the role of CYP11B2C-344T polymorphism in individual development of HTN and T2DM as well as their co-existence. Material and Method: A case-control association study was conducted consisting of 200 cases (HTN: 89 hypertensives, HTN+T2DM: 67 with coexisting hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM: 44 type 2 diabetics) and 100 randomly selected healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique. An ethically approved questionnaire was used to assess risk factors of HTN and T2DM followed by physical and biochemical examination with measurement of height weight, blood pressure, blood sugar and lipid profile. Results: A significant difference was observed in non-genetic risk factors such as smoking, physical inactivity, alcohol intake, mental stress, anthropometry, fasting glucose levels and lipid parameters among all the patient groups in comparison to healthy controls. Overall, there was higher prevalence of variant T-allele in the studied population in comparison to wild C-allele. The frequency of T-allele was almost comparable in all the patient groups (HTN=0.61; HTN+T2DM=0.57; T2DM=0.51) and in controls (0.64). Logistic regression analysis of C vs T allele did not reveal any significant association of this polymorphism with the risk of HTN [OR=0.984, 95% CI (0.65-1.49); p=0.94], combined HTN & T2DM [OR=8.856, 95% CI (0.549-1.334); p=0.49] or T2DM alone [OR=0.683, 95% CI (0.412-1.132); p= 0.14]. Conclusion: Our findings did not support association of CYP11B2 C-344T gene polymorphism with susceptibility of HTN and T2DM or their co-existence in populace of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) state.