Early detection of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) or diastolic dysfunction (DD) in Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients may prevent complication such as Myocardial infarction. Present study is aimed to study the prediction chances of myocardial infarction in type II Diabetes mellitus patients using co-relation of plasma BNP level with 2-D-ECHO findings. A total of 100 diabetes mellitus type II patients were studied of which 50 DM had evidence of MI and remaining 50 were without any evidence of MI for more than 5 yrs. BNP values were inversely proportional to left ventricular systolic ejection fraction. This correlation was significant (p<0.001). Elevated BNP levels were significantly correlated with presence of Diastolic Dysfunction (p<0.001).In our study the BNP cutoff value of 100pg/ml had a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 70 %. In patients with only Diabetes, of the 14 patients with elevated BNP levels and normal Ejection Fraction, 10 revealed diastolic dysfunction. Of the remaining 4, further follow-up of two patients showed presence of Coronary Artery Disease, indicates that BNP is good investigation for detecting underlying coronary artery disease in high risk population such as Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

For present study 75 volunteers between 20-40 years were selected (37 males and 38 females) Volunteers were trained for Transcendental meditation (TM.) After training period they practiced TM every day 20 minutes for 6 weeks. Anxiety score was measured by using clinical anxiety scale (C.A.S.) as given by R.P.Sainath et al [1] before and after the TM session in each volunteer. Comparison of anxiety score before and after the TM was done by statistical analysis. Anxiety score reduction was found significantly in females as compared to males who practiced TM.

We performed this study to measure the ocular changes during accommodation and see whether refractive error has any influence in effect of changes during accommodation. This study was carried out in the Department of Ophthalmology, Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. Seventy five subjects were divided in three groups according to refractive status. Group A consisted of 25 emmetropes. Group B consisted of 25 myopes with myopia <5 D while Group C consisted of 25 hypermetropes with hypermetropia <5 D. The subject was asked to focus on 6/6 line of Snellen’s chart kept at a distance of 6 meters with full refractive correction with the left eye and A-scan was performed on the right eye. Three readings of anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and axial length were taken and the mean values of these reading were calculated. Similar procedure was repeated after accommodation. Accommodation was achieved by asking the subject to focus on N/6 line of near vision chart held at a distance of 33 cm with left eye with full refractive correction on the left eye. Then, the subjects were asked to focus N/6 line of near vision chart held at 12.5 cm to increase the amplitude of accommodation and similar procedure was repeated. The mean increase in axial length was 0.051, 0.004, and 0.005 mm in Groups A, B and C respectively when focus of the left eye was shifted from 6 m to 33 cm. On further increasing the accommodation by shifting the focus of the left eye to 12.5 cm, the axial length increased by 0.08, 0.07, and 0.007 mm in Groups A, B, and C respectively. Increase in lens thickness and decrease in anterior chamber depth were also observed with accommodation in all three groups. There was no significant difference in between three groups in these changes. Conclusions: Subtle but statistically significant increase in axial length was observed with accommodation in this study. There was increase in lens thickness and decrease in anterior chamber depth with accommodation. There was no variation with refractive error in these changes.

Introduction- Enterococci are part of the normal intestinal flora of humans and animals but have also emerged as important pathogens responsible for serious infections in hospital and community acquired infections. According to recent surveys, Enterococci remain in the top 3 most common pathogens that cause nosocomial infections. Aim- To process all the clinical samples from various departments in our hospital, for the isolation of Enterococci sp. To speciate the isolates & to have the resistance pattern of the isolates to Vancomycin Methods and Material- A total of 928 samples were collected from both out patients and in patients in all clinical departments and transported to microbiology laboratory. Specimens were processed by inoculating on to Mac Conkeys agar, blood agar, nutrient agar and Pfizer selective media and incubated at 370C for 24 - 48 hours. Enterococci were identified by their typical arrangement in Gram stain, Bile esculin test and salt tolerance test. Speciation was done by subjecting the isolates to a battery of biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined by performing Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values were identified by Tube & Agar dilution method. Results- A total of 928 samples. Among these, 647 (69.72%) were culture positive with different isolates and 281 (30.28%) were culture negative. Among 647 culture positive cases, 100 (15.46%) were Enterococcus faecalis. Antimicrobial susceptibility & MIC done as per standard protocols. The E. Faecalis showed 99% sensitive to Vancomycin. The resistance to Vancomycin was further confirmed by MIC both Agar &Tube dilution methods, in which the MIC was: 32μg/ml in one isolate. Conclusions- Species level identification of Enterococcus is not only important for epidemiological study, but also for analysing the drug resistant pattern. Effective detection of Vancomycin resistance in laboratory helps in reducing the morbidity and mortality due to VRE in hospitalized patients.

A 45 year old male, non vegetarian by diet, loader by occupation, presented with complaints of progressive muscle wasting and asymmetric weakness of the upper limbs of one month duration, which was followed by similar signs and symptoms in the lower limbs. There was decreased power in the affected limbs. He occasionally had muscle fasciculations. The sensory, bladder, bowel and cognitive functions were well preserved. There was no difficulty in breathing, speaking and swallowing. On the basis of history and neurological examination, a diagnosis of Motor Neuron Disease was made. All the basic investigations were found to be normal. For a definitive diagnosis, muscle biopsy was taken from various sites and to our surprise, it showed many sarcocysts filled with banana shaped bradyzoites of Sarcocystis species. Genus Sarcocystis belongs to the phylum apicomplexa and the class Coccidiea. Muscular sarcocystosis is so rare in India. Sarcocystosis presenting like a Motor Neuron Disease is a diagnostic challenge to the practitioners. The case is presented here for its rarity and to create awareness about the Sarcocystis infection and its presentation like a Motor Neuron Disease.