Effect of total dietary fats on serum cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein levels were investigated in this study. For this purpose two different percentages (15% and 60% respectively) of fats were used. 25% dietary fat was choosen as control. Corn oil is used as a source of fat in this experimental protocol. Each treatment was carried out for 10 days. Cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels in animals receiving 15% fat (Group A) showed significant decrease. But Group B animals (received 60% fat) showed only significant increase in HDL level suggesting thereby 60% dietary fat intake does not affect cardiovascular risk factors adversely. Even HDL (good cholesterol) level increase indicates some cardio protective effect.

Objective: Production of Extended Spectrum β- Lactamase is an important mechanism of antimicrobial resistance exhibited by Enterobacteriaceae. There are many types of ESBLs among which CTX M is a latest emerged one which carries the bla CTX M gene. CTX M lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae are present in the intestinal flora without harming the host causing infection in extra intestinal sites. Transferring the gene through plasmids is responsible for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant strains in the community. This study is designed to detect bla CTX-M gene in Escherichia coli isolates. Method: A total of 532 Escherichia coli isolates were screened for susceptibility testing. Isolates with decreased resistance to third generation Cephalosporins (3GC) were subjected to double disk synergy test for phenotypic confirmation of ESBL in which 178 were positive. Multiplex PCR was done for these 178 isolates to detect the four groups I, II, III & IV of CTX M. Results: Multiplex PCR yielded the products with predicted size for group 1 CTX M in 152 (28.57%) isolates. None of the isolates were positive for other groups of CTX M (Group II, III & IV). Conclusion: The presence of CTX M ESBL producing E. coli cause enormous problems in therapeutic interventions of infections which can be prevented only by continuous surveillance and prudent use of antibiotics.

The objective of this study was to determine nutrient intake and food consumption patterns among medical students at Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Medical College Aurangabad, Maharashtra state, INDIA. This study was carried out in year 2009, a total of 270 first, second and third-year medical students (166 male, 104 female) aged 20±2 year were the participants. Students completed a questionnaire on dietary intake and anthropometric measurements were performed. The findings were analyzed and statistical relationships were determined by using chi-square test. The recommended caloric intake was recorded only in 39.15% boys and 27.88 % girls. Daily intake of non-veg diet and cold drinks were more in boys compared to girls and difference is statistically significant (p < 0.05).The percentage of recommended caloric intake in exercise doer girls was more and which was statistically significant ( p < 0.05).

Background: The development of VAP is also associated with greater hospital mortality rates and longer lengths of stay in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and hospitals. A prospective study was conducted to find out the incidence of VAP and to identify the most prevalent pathogens causing VAP. The study was conducted during the period of September 2008 to March 2009 at ICU of Narayana Medical College and General Hospital. The endotracheal aspirates were collected andtransported to microbiology laboratory within 15 minutes, where they were processed and cultured as per the standard protocol and standard microscopic examinations were conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0 and Systat 8.0. Out of the 100 patients studied, 29 were found to have VAP. Among these patients, 32% were reported to have hypertension, 29% were reported to have diabetes and 12% had both diabetes and hypertension. Gram negative organisms were predominant among the isolates accounting for 89%. The rest were found to be gram positive organisms. Among gram negative organisms, Pseudomonas species, Klebsiella species and E.coli were responsible for highest number of VAP infections. The range of bacteria that cause VAP and their susceptibility patterns vary widely among hospitals and selection of initial antimicrobial therapy need to be tailored to each institution’s local patterns of antimicrobial resistance.