The present study tries to investigate oxidative stress - hyperglycaemia relationship through studying role of ROS and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and role of NAC as antioxidant in normalizing that disorders. 80 rats were randomly assigned into four equal groups, 20 rats each; Control group (C) fed on the balanced ration and ordinary drinking water ad-libitum, Fructose fed group (F) fed on the balanced ration and fructose 10% (100g/L) in drinking water, Fructose and N-acetylcysteine group (FN) fed on the balanced ration and fructose 10% (100g/L) in drinking water for 4 weeks then injected I/P with N-acetylcysteine in dose of 200 mg/Kg b.wt. daily for the last six weeks and N-acetylcysteine and Fructose group (NF) fed on the balanced ration and ordinary drinking water and injected I/P with N-acetylcysteine for 4 weeks then given fructose in drinking water for the last six weeks. Blood samples and liver specimens were collected from ten animals from each group after 2 and 10 weeks. The obtained results revealed that fructose administration increased hepatic MDA content and GSPx activity and plasma insulin, insulin resistance and glucose levels. Conversely, excess fructose decreased hepatic GSH content, expression of insulin-receptor's protein gene, SOD, hexokinase and G6PD activities. Those disorders originated a case of type 2 diabetes. Injection of NAC either as treatment or protective relieved all that disorders towards normal condition through its antioxidant influence.

Correlation and path analysis studied in 18 Indian genotypes for 13 characters during kharif and rabi. The study indicated that direct selection based on the traits, number of productive tillers per plant and ear weight during kharif where as in rabi days to maturity and ear weight are effective as the association and direct effects were positive for these traits. The association of protein and calcium content and carotene with grain yield is negative. Simultaneous improvement of grain yield along these traits is not possible so we have to seek a compromise among the attributes to find out an acceptable level of the characters under improvement. The path analysis study indicated that direct selection based on the characters, number of productive tillers per plant and ear weight during kharif where as in rabi days to maturity and ear weight are effective as the association and direct effects were positive for these traits.

The present study aimed to detect the responsiveness of the tumor suppressor factor, p53, expression as well as mutational alterations to oxidative DNA damage caused by CCl4 intoxication. Twenty rats were divided into control and CCl4 group that subjected to hepatotoxicity by CCl4 (2.5 ml/kg, 25%V/V in corn oil, intraperitonially biweekly for 8 weeks). blood and liver samples were taken 24 h after the last CCl4 injection. Changes in serum AST and ALT activities as well as MDA, SOD, CAT and GSH levels with increased levels of DNA fragmentation confirmed the induction of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in CCl4 group. Rats under CCl4-oxidative damage exhibited a significantly increased p53 mRNA and protein expression by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Moreover, CCl4 group showed a marked cytoplasmic p53 translocation. PCR-SSCP mutational analysis of one of the p53 DNA-binding domain (exons 7) showed an increased frequency of p53 mutation in CCl4 group (60%). The results of the present study indicate an association between p53 mutation and expression level and oxidative DNA damage, a mechanism that explain the increased tendency of carcinogesis in chronic liver diseases.