In this manuscript a series of new diorganotin (IV) dicarboxylates were screened out first time for their biomedicinal activity, like antimicrobial and in-vitro antitumor activity against different pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains along with human breast and mammary cancer cell line. It was found that the compounds show remarkable antitumor efficacy and moderate antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microbial strains.

The reaction between mercaptosuccinic acid (TMA) and methylene blue (MB) was investigated in acidic medium using Cu (II) as catalyst. Two moles of substrate are oxidized by one mole of MB forming the corresponding disulphide and dihydromethylene blue. The order in MB is zero while order in TMA is unity. The rate shows a maximum on varying [H+] whereas it increases linearly on increasing [Cu (II)]. Electrolytes exert a diverse influence, which is attributed to environmental effect. The rate increases on increasing the dielectric constant of the medium but it remains unaffected on adding externally the disulphide and leucobase to the system. It is known that Zn (II)-pyrazole complex acts as a model for the enzyme, liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH) which regulates the function of liver 22.3-Methyl-1 phenyl-2-pryazoline-5-one (Pyrazolone) was also added to the system in a bid to investigate the effect of simultaneous ligation of catalyst on the rate and pyrazolone was found to retard the reaction.

Hydrolysis of O-ethyl O-p-cyanophenyl, phenyl phosphonothionate (Cyanofenphos) has been studied in the acidic medium with catalyst such as Zr4+, Ce4+, Hf4+ and Th4+ cations, and the rate maxima observed were at around pH 2.0. Since the metal aquo complex are known to exist in equilibrium with deprotonated species, and therefore metal bound OH nucleophile might be available abundantly even in acidic aqueous solutions. Thus an interaction of sulphur of P=S group with metal cation followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic attack of hydroxy anion at the ester phosphorus atom would results in the cleavage of P-O bond.

The ever increasing use of polymers in our day to day life has given rise to quest for developing polymeric materials suitable for various applications. The content work aims to synthesize a novel semi-IPN in the form of hydrogel comprising of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and acrylonitrile (AN), in various proportions, by redox polymerization method in the presence of N, N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and potassium persulphate (KPS) as initiator. Structure formation of the gel matrix has been confirmed by FTIR spectrophotometry. Phase morphology of the semi-IPNs in various proportions has been studied with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique has been utilized to detect the crystalline and amorphous characteristics of the synthesized gels. Water sorption capacity of the specimens have also been studied. IR spectra of the synthesized semi-IPN confirms the formation of a physical gel with polymer chains held to each other via hydrogen bonding. Their SEM images show single phase morphology with a less rough surface indicating a better compatibility of the two polymers. The XRD patterns of synthesized gels indicate that the crystallinity in the membrane is mainly due to PVA and swelling studies proves the approach to be beneficial for various bioengineering and bioindustrial applications.

The observed experimental parameters such as density (ρ), viscosity (η) and ultrasonic velocity (U) of ternary liquid mixtures of substituted benzenes such as chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, nitrobenzene, ethylbenzene and toluene added in the fixed binary solvent mixtures of (ratio 4:2) acetophenone and 1-heptanol at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15K were determined. The observed experimental data have been utilized to evaluate some of the excess thermo acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (βE), intermolecular free length (LfE), free volume (VfE), internal pressure (πiE), Gibb’s energy (ΔGE), viscosity (ηE) molar volume (VmE)and Grunberg’s Nissan interaction parameter (d). It is eventually observed that weak molecular association between acetophenone and 1-heptanol is through hydrogen bonding and substituted benzenes through weak dipole-dipole interactions. The existence of formation of donor – acceptor complexes in the present study has been identified and promptly discussed. Further, the impact due to the elevation of temperature on these liquid systems has also been interpreted.

In the present study, a series of N-substituted sulfonamides have been synthesized. The reaction of benzene sulfonyl chloride (1) with O-anisidine (2) yielded N-(2-methoxyphenyl) benzenesulfonamide (3), which on bromination with bromine in the presence of acetic acid gave N-(4,5-dibromo-methoxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide (6). The two products (3) and (6) further on treatment with alkyl halides/acyl halide in the presence of sodium hydride yielded thirteen different N-substituted sulfonamides. The compounds were characterized by IR, EIMS and 1H-NMR and screened against acetyl cholinesterase, butyryl cholinesterase and lipoxygenase enzymes. The results revealed that N-butyl-N-(4, 5-dibromo-2-methoxyphenyl)benzene sulfonamide (6d) and N-pentyl-N-(4,5-dibromo-2-methoxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide (6e) exhibited good inhibitory potential against lipoxygenase.

The present manuscript deals the synthesis of some novel organobismuth (III) aryloxyacetates which have a pyramidal geometry as resulted by their characterization with the help of different instrumental techniques along with their spectral analysis. The compounds are also screened for their antibacterial and antifungal studies against different bacterial and fungal strains. It was much surprising that these compounds plays significant role in control of growth of bacterial and fungal strains.

From the industrial revolution to the present, energy consumption has lead to a substantial rise in atmospheric greenhouse gases. The burning of fossil fuels accounts for about 80% of the rise of atmospheric carbon-dioxide (CO2), since the pre-industrial era, to its current level of 390 ppm. The increase in CO2 is already causing changes in the climate such as global warming. The “micro-algae based technology” (Biological carbon sequestration) is a new, might be the most promising, environmentally friendly and cost-effective means of reducing CO2 emissions in the energy sector. The most common microalgae species are Spirulina sp., Chlorella spa., Haematococcus spa. and Dunaliella spa., etc. This technology, have more important characteristics apart from carbon sequestration such as high biomass yield per unit of light and area. In this context, paper has focused the underlying issues in CO2 sequestration from algae based on geography, photosynthetic light, productivity and application of algal biomass. for conditions prevailing in India.