This work deals with the bioconversion of cellulose from press cakes of Jatropha oilseeds, which is a byproduct from a biodiesel plant, into ethanol by using the methods of acid pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The process includes the pretreatment method of the finely ground cellulosic solid oilseed cake with dilute sulphuric acid and heating the mixture at a high temperature to break the crystalline structure of the lignocellulose to facilitate the hydrolysis of cellulosic component by dilute acids. The hydrolysis of the cellulose content into sugars is done by dilute acid hydrolysis that involves incubation period at a high temperature for 72 hours. Finally, the fermentation of the hydrolyzed waste is done using Saccharomyces cerevisiae under proper incubation conditions to produce ethanol. About 80 % ethanol was recovered as a result of the process.

This research focused on isolation, purification and characterization of new strain of bacillus, which was able to producing extracellular alkaline thermostable xylanase. Xylanase production by alkalo thermostable Bacillus species were isolated from different regions of Bidar, India and used to screen for the xylanase production by using Xylan plate assay. The paper and sugar industrial waste are used to screen and produce the xylanase, the industrial wastes of paper industry showed the maximum synthesis of xylanase at pH ranging from 9 to 12 and temperature 35 to 70°c after 18-24h. The produced Alkalo thermostable xylanase by Bacillus species showed the most xylanolytic activity at pH >10 and temperature of 70°C.

Pongamia pinnata (Family Fabaceae) popularly known as Karanja in hindi, Indian been in English. The Pongamia pinnata seeds oil was extracted through sohxlet and its components were identified through gas chromatography; physicochemical analysis of oil indicates the acid value (2.3 ), Iodine value (113), Saponification value (186), Viscosity (40.27 ), fatty acid composition was estimated through GC and it shows the presence Stearic acid, Palmitic acid, Arachidic acid, oleic acid and Linoleic acid respectively.