SCREENING, CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF PYOCYANIN PRODUCING PSEUDOMONAS SPP. ISOLATED FROM THE SPONGE

H. BAVITHRA¹, K. SATHIYAMURTHY²*
¹Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchy, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
²Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchy, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
* Corresponding Author : ksathiyamurthy@yahoo.com

Received : 12-01-2019     Accepted : 27-01-2019     Published : 30-01-2019
Volume : 11     Issue : 1       Pages : 1469 - 1474
Int J Microbiol Res 11.1 (2019):1469-1474

Keywords : Pyocyanin, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), MTT assay
Academic Editor : Sunil Sonu Hatkar, Kalaivani V.
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Authors are thankful to Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchy, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India for financial support of this research
Author Contribution : All authors equally contributed

Pyocyanin is a blue pigment, redox active secondary metabolites produced by sponge associated bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioactive potential of pyocyanin from Pseudomonas sp. a sponge associated bacterium. A total of 23 pigmented bacterial strains were isolated from a sponge Callyspongia sp. All the colonies were screened for their antimicrobial activity against human bacterial and fungal pathogens by cross streaking method. For antioxidant activity, DPPH method was adopted, whereas the cytotoxicity property was checked by MTT assay. The pigment production medium was also optimized with different nutritional sources. Out of 23 strains tested, only 3 strains were chosen based on the good activity and finally one strain (PA1) was used for the study. This strain was tentatively identified as Pseudomonas sp., through biochemical characterization. The results revealed that the pigment pyocyanin exhibited high activity than commercial antibiotics. It was found that Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited high with the diameter of 20 mm followed by S. aureus (22 mm), Salmonella typhi (26 mm), E.coli (20 mm), and Bacillus subtilis (19 mm). It was also found that the pyocyanin inhibited the growth of Candida krusei (10 mm), Aspergillus flavus (12 mm) and Candida albicans (16 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration was observed between 10 and 20 µg/ml. The antioxidant activity was observed at lower concentration of 0.2 µg/ml. In MTT assay on viability of HepG2 cells, the toxicity was found at 100 µg/ml. The active compound was identified and the results showed that the presence of alkali and most of the functional group was OH-C=N and CH3.This confirms the presence of pyocyanin. Thus, this pigment pyocyanin may be a potential drug candidate for future studies.

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