IMPORTANCE OF PLATELET COUNT IN DIAGNOSIS OF DENGUE INFECTION

T.B. NAIK¹, K. MURUGESH²*, ZENITH EUPHEMIA^3
1Department of Microbiology, Chamarajanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Chamarajanagar, 571313, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, 560041
²Department of Microbiology, Chamarajanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Chamarajanagar, 571313, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, 560041
³Department of Microbiology, Chamarajanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Chamarajanagar, 571313, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, 560041
* Corresponding Author : murugesh2974@gmail.com

Received : 11-06-2018     Accepted : 19-06-2018     Published : 30-06-2018
Volume : 10     Issue : 6       Pages : 1264 - 1267
Int J Microbiol Res 10.6 (2018):1264-1267
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-5276.10.6.1264-1267

Keywords : Dengue, IgM, NS1, Platelet count
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Author thankful to Chamarajanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Chamarajanagar, 571313, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, 560041, Karnataka India
Author Contribution : All author equally contributed

Introduction: Dengue is an acute, potentially fatal viral infection that can culminate into dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. It has emerged as a notable public health problem in recent decades in terms of the mortality and morbidity associated with it. Specific antibody Ig M and Ig G detection along with the newer parameter NS1 antigen detection has been the main stay of diagnosis. Apart from these parameters, thrombocytopenia is a constant finding and therefore platelet count can be used as an accessory test for diagnosis of dengue infection in the laboratories where resources are limited. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data of clinically suspected dengue cases reported to the microbiology laboratory during June-August months of 2017 at CIMS teaching hospital, Chamarajanagar. Samples were tested either for NS1or IgM by ELISA depending on duration of fever and platelet counts were obtained. Statistical analysis was done using WHO Epi info software version 3.5.4. Results: Out of 1653 clinically suspected cases, 265(16.03%) were found to be positive for dengue infection either by NS1 or IgM ELISA. Among them 135 (50.95%) were females and majority 211 (79.62) were below the age of 30 years. Proportion of thrombocytopenia was significantly higher in dengue positive cases than in negatives. Conclusion: In resource limited setting thrombocytopenia can be used as predictor of dengue infection for early initiation of therapy to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with it.

1. Mustafa M.S., Rastogi V., Jain S., Gupta V. (2015) Medical Journal Armed Forces of India, 7, 67-70.
2. Kulkarni R.D., Patil S.S., Ajantha G.S., Upadhya A.K., Kalabhavi A.S., Subhada R.M. et al., (2011) Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 29(4),359-62.
3. World Health Organization. Dengue haemorrhagic fever: Diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control (1997) 2nd edition. Geneva, Switzerland: Chapter 2, Clinical Diagnosis, 12-23.
4. Mairuhu A.T., Wagenaar.J., Brandjes D.P., Van Gorp E.C. (2004) Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 23, 425-33.
5. Mutheneni S.R., Morse A. P., Caminade C., Upadhyayula S. M. (2017) Emerging Microbes and Infections, 6, e70.
6. Peters C.J. (2008) Infections caused by arthropod and rodent borne viruses. In: Fauci AS, editor. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine. 17th ed. New York: Mcgraw Hill Medical Publishing Division, 1226 39.
7. Vijayakumar T.S., Chandy S., Sathish N., Abraham M., Abraham P., Sridharan G. (2005) Indian J Med Res, 121,100-107.
8. Santosh S.T., Chincholkar V.V., Kulkarni D.M., Nilekar S.L., Ovhal R.S., Halgarkar C.S. (2013) Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 2(12), 40-44.
9. Young P.R., Hilditch P.A., Bletchly C., Halloran W. (2000) J Clin Microbiol, 38,1053-7.
10. Chakravarti A., Kumar A., Malik S. (2011) Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 42(2),297- 302.
11. Fry S.R., Meyer M., Semple M.G., Simmons C.P., Sekaran S.D., Huang J.X., et al., (2011) PLOS neglected tropical diseases, 5(6),1199.
12. Halstead S.B., Udomsakdi S., Singharaj P., Nisalak A. (1969) Am J Trop Med Hyg, 18, 984-96.
13. Pimpan P., Prasert T. (1993) WHO SEARO, 62-71.
14. World Health Organization (1997) Dengue haemorrhagic fever: Diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. 2nd edition. Geneva, Switzerland. Chapter 4, Laboratory Diagnosis, 35-47.
15. Jyothi P., Metri BC (2015) Adv Biomed Res, 4, 26.
16. Agarwal S.G., Rukadikar A.R., Laghawe A., Tripathi A. (2014) J of Evolution of Med and Dent Sci, 3(10), 2543-2547
17. Pruthvi D., Shashikala P., Shenoy V. (2012) J Blood Disorders Transf, 3(4), 1-4.
18. Biradar A.M., Nadagir D.S., Shankar M.K., Naik T.B. (2016) Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 5(9), 725-732
19. Wadekar M. D., Naik T. B., Upadhya A. K., Swarooparani N.B. (2016) International Journal of Microbiology Research, 8(1), 720-722.
20. Neralwar A., Banjare B., Barapatre R. (2015) Int J Res Med Sci 3, 2826-30.
21. Mehta K.D., Ghediya B., Sheth S., Khandhediya S., Shingala H., Sinha M. (2016) National Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 5(2), 55-59.
22. Badave G.K., SaiSwaroop P., Rao P.N. (2015) J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 3, 779-784.
23. Sindhanai V., Banoo S., Rajkumar N., Chander V.C.S. (2016) Sch. J. App. Med. Sci, 4(2), 618-622
24. Lakshmi P.S., Nainar P. (2014) Journal of the Scientific Society, 41(2), 85-88.
25. Datta S., Wattal C. (2010) Indian J Med Microbiol, 28, 107-10.
26. Shrivastava A., Dash P.K., Tripathi N.K., Sahni A.K., Gopalan N., Lakshmana Rao P.V. (2011) Indian J Med Microbiol, 29,51 5.
27. Makroo R.N., Raina V., Kumar P., Kanth R.K. (2007) Asian J Transfus Sci. 1(1),4-7.
28. Gupta E., Dar L., Kapoor G., Broor S. (2006) Virology Journal, 3,92.