EMERGING MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE AND EXTENSIVE DRUG RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM PUS SAMPLES AT A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE OF KASHMIR, INDIA

BENAZIR SHAZIA¹, ASIFA BHAT², BASHIR A. FOMDA³*, SHAISTA NAZIR⁴, DEKYONG ANGMO⁵, SHADAN AKHTAR⁶, LENAH BASHIR^7
1Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Kashmir, 190010, India
²Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Kashmir, 190010, India
³Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Kashmir, 190010, India
⁴Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Kashmir, 190010, India
⁵Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Kashmir, 190010, India
⁶Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Kashmir, 190010, India
⁷Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Kashmir, 190010, India
* Corresponding Author : bashirfomda@gmail.com

Received : 03-04-2018     Accepted : 12-04-2018     Published : 30-04-2018
Volume : 10     Issue : 4       Pages : 1139 - 1142
Int J Microbiol Res 10.4 (2018):1139-1142
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-5276.10.4.1139-1142

Keywords : pus, isolates, antibiotics, multidrug resistant, extensively drug resistant
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Author thankful to Sher-i-kashmir institute of medical sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190011
Author Contribution : All author equally contributed

Background: The resistance to antibiotics is increasing at a pace faster than can be controlled. The most apparent reason is the in appropriate use of antibiotics. Multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) organisms are an important cause of hospital-acquired infections, creating a therapeutic challenge. Data regarding such organisms is not available. Therefore, the study was done to identify various organisms and their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns from pus samples, thus providing data about MDR and XDR organisms in our institute and guiding the appropriate use of antibiotics to prevent the emergence of such organisms. Methodology: 501 pus aspirates were studied over a period of 6 months for identification and antibiotic sensitivity. Results: 200 (40%) samples were culture positive and aerobic Gram-positive cocci showed predominance with a total of 110 (52.6%) isolates. 99 (47.4%) isolates were aerobic Gram-negative bacilli. The most common isolate was Staphylococcus aureus [79 (37.8%)]. Gram-positive organisms showed higher resistance towards ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and quinolones. Gram negatives organisms showed more resistance towards quinolones (55 to 84%) but were highly sensitive to carbapenems and polymyxin B. 111 (53.1%) isolates were MDR and 19 (9.1%) isolates were XDR. Conclusion: The resistance spectrum of pathogens varies in different regions. Therefore, local resistance patterns have to be known for appropriate antimicrobial use. In our study, a significant proportion of MDR along with some XDR organisms was seen. Urgent steps should be taken to minimize any resistance resulting due to inappropriate use of antibiotics, and identification of the causative pathogen before beginning therapy should be done.

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