CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN AND EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA- LACTAMASE (ESBL) PRODUCTION OF ACINETOBACTER SPECIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF NORTH KERALA

KATHERINE JOSEPH¹*, M.B. DIVYA², ANN TAISY GEORGE³, K.K. AMEENA^4
1Department of Microbiology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram, 679338, India
²Department of Microbiology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram, 679338, India
³Department of Microbiology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram, 679338, India
⁴
* Corresponding Author : katherinejc17@gmail.com

Received : 08-08-2017     Accepted : 20-08-2017     Published : 28-08-2017
Volume : 9     Issue : 8       Pages : 930 - 932
Int J Microbiol Res 9.8 (2017):930-932

Keywords : Acinetobacter, Characterization, Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamase (ESBL), nosocomial infections
Academic Editor : Dr. Anusha Gopinathan
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Authors are grateful to Department of Microbiology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna and Kerala University of Health Science, Thrissur, 680596, Kerala
Author Contribution : All authors equally contributed

Background: Acinetobacter spp. is non-fermenting Gram negative coccobacilli, associated with nosocomial infections and show widespread resistance to various antibiotics. Aim: To characterize Acinetobacter Species from clinical samples and to study their antibiotic resistance pattern and Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamase (ESBL) Production in a tertiary care hospital of north Kerala. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study carried out on clinical samples -blood, urine, respiratory secretion and exudates- from January 2016 to December 2016 according to standard protocol. Data Analysis was done by using WHO NET ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE SOFTWARE; data was analyzed using EPI INFO 2013 software. Result: Out of 10803 samples taken up for study, culture is positive in 3218 and Acinetobacter species is isolated in 192, giving an overall isolation rate of 6.0 %. The most vulnerable age group is between 61 to 70 years and those above the age of 50 constituted 67.7 %. Out of 192 Acinetobacter isolates, A. baumanii is predominant species having recovered from 175(91.1%). The most active antibacterial agents are carbapenems. Conclusion: As Acinetobacter spp. is associated with nosocomial infections with widespread resistance to antibiotics, characterization and determination of antibiotic resistance pattern is mandatory for proper management of infections caused by them

1. Phillips M. (2015) Acinetobacter species. Chapter 224. In: Mandell, Douglas and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 8th ed. Bennett J.E., Dolin R., Blaser M., Editors. Elsevier, Saunders, Philadelphia, 2, 2552.
2. Mindolli P.B., Salmani M.P., Vishwanath G. and Hanumanthappa A.R. (2010) Al Ameen J Med Sci., 3(4), 345-49
3. Sinha M., Srinivasa H. and Macaden R. (2007) Indian J Med Res. 126, 63–7.
4. Gokale S.K. and Sonth S.B. (2015) International Jour. of Curr. Microbiol. and App. Sci., 4, 934-937.
5. Malini A., Deepa E.K., Gokul B.N. and Prasad S.R. (2009) J. Lab physicians, 1(2), 62–66.
6. Winn W. Jr., Allen S., Janda W., Koneman E., Procop G., Schreckenberger P., et al., (2006) editors. In: Koneman's Color Atlas and textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. 6th ed. USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Company, Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli; pp. 305–91.
7. Winn W. Jr., Allen S., Janda W., Koneman E., Procop G., Schreckenberger P., et al. (2006) editors. In: Koneman's Color Atlas and textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. 6th ed. USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Company, Introduction to Microbiology: Part II: Guidelines for the collection, Transport, Processing, analysis and Reporting of Cultures from Specific Specimen Sources; p 67-131.
8. Joseph K., Ameena K.K. and Soniya K.S. (2017) International Jour Microbiol. Res., 9(4), 884-7
9. CLSI (2013) Performance standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. CLSI approved standard M100-S23. Clinical and Laboratory standards Institute, Wayne, PA
10. Lahiri K., Mani N.S. and Purai S.S. (2004) Med J Armed Forces India, 60, 7-10.
11. Gupta N., Gandham N., Jadhav S., Mishra R.N. (2015) J Nat ScBiol Med., 6, 159-62. http://www.jnsbm.org/text.asp?2015/6/1/159/149116.
12. Koripella R.L., Krishna P.B.M., Bhavani B.N.V., Cheemala S.S. (2016) IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 15 (3), 05-08.
13. Bhattacharyya S., Bhattacharyya I., Rit K., Mukhopadhyay P.K., et al. (2013) Biomedical Research, 24 (1), 43-46.
14. Gales A.C., Jones R.N., Forward K.R., Liñares J., et al. (2001) Clin Infect Dis., 32( 2), 104-13.
15. Abouseada N., Raouf M., El-Attar E. and Moez P. (2017) Indian J Med Microbiol., 35,85-9.
16. Kansal R., Pandey A. and Asthana A.K. (2009) Indian Jour. Path. and Microbiol., 52 (3), 456-7.
17. Mittal N., Nair D., Gupta N., Rawat D., et al. (2003) The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 34(2), 365-6 http://imsear.hellis.org/handle/123456789/34886