MANURE AND EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

A.S. MAHDI¹, M.A.A. AL-JANABY², M.O. SALOOM^3
1Biology Department, Science College, University of Diyala, Iraq.
²Soil Science and Water Resources Department, Agriculture College, University of Diyala, Iraq.
³Soil Science and Water Resources Department, Agriculture College, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq.

Received : 29-11-2014     Accepted : 05-01-2015     Published : 04-06-2015
Volume : 4     Issue : 1       Pages : 50 - 52
World Res J Agric Biosyst Eng 4.1 (2015):50-52

Keywords : organic manure, bio fertilizer EM1, soil physical properties maize
Conflict of Interest : None declared

This observation was conducted in a private field, about 50 km west of Baghdad at a longitude 43° 88´ 80" east and at a latitude 33°27´ 42" north. The objective of this study was investigate the effect of organic manure (poultry manure) and spraying of a bio fertilizer EM1 on soil physical properties and yields of maize under drip irrigation system. A factorial experiment was implemented according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The study included two factors, the organic manure which was used in two levels (without organic manure, organic manure), and the bio fertilizer EM1 with two levels (without adding, 1 cm3 and dilute to 1500 cm3). The results showed substantial differences in the levels of organic manure of the soil physical properties of mean weight diameter, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, soil penetration resistance, dry weight and weight of 500 grains which were 1.1747 mm, 1.07 Mg.m-3, 9.110 cm.hr-1, 0.9250 kg.cm-2, 190.53gm.plant-1, and 149.59 gm respectively. Addition of bio fertilizer enhanced all the properties mentioned above which reached 1.3254 mm, 1.12 Mg.m-3, 8.531 cm.hr-1, 0.9875kg.m-2, 170.05 gm.plant-1, and 141.59 gm respectively. The results showed an interaction between the organic manure and the bio-fertilizer, which showed significant effect on all the properties mentioned above. It gave 1.5425 mm, 1.03 Mg.m-3, 9.582 cm.hr-1, 0.7675 kg.cm-2, 204.95 gm.plant-1 and 165.32 gm respectively.