Giardia duodenalis: NEW INSIGHTS ON AN ANCIENT PARASITE

MOLINA N.B.; BASUALDO J.A.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-3702.5.1.122-131

Giardia duodenalis: NEW INSIGHTS ON AN ANCIENT PARASITE

MOLINA N.B.¹*, BASUALDO J.A.²
¹Microbiology and Parasitology Department, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
²Microbiology and Parasitology Department, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
* Corresponding Author : nbmolina@aetos.med.unlp.edu.ar

Received : 07-11-2013 Accepted : 09-12-2013 Published : 31-12-2013
Volume : 5 Issue : 1 Pages : 122 - 131
Int J Parasitol Res 5.1 (2013):122-131
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-3702.5.1.122-131

Keywords : Giardia, genotypes, zoonoses, dogs, cattle, Argentina
Conflict of Interest : None declared

Cite - MLA : MOLINA N.B. and BASUALDO J.A. "Giardia duodenalis: NEW INSIGHTS ON AN ANCIENT PARASITE." International Journal of Parasitology Research 5.1 (2013):122-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-3702.5.1.122-131

Cite - APA : MOLINA N.B., BASUALDO J.A. (2013). Giardia duodenalis: NEW INSIGHTS ON AN ANCIENT PARASITE. International Journal of Parasitology Research, 5 (1), 122-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-3702.5.1.122-131

Cite - Chicago : MOLINA N.B. and BASUALDO J.A. "Giardia duodenalis: NEW INSIGHTS ON AN ANCIENT PARASITE." International Journal of Parasitology Research 5, no. 1 (2013):122-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-3702.5.1.122-131

Copyright : © 2013, MOLINA N.B. and BASUALDO J.A., Published by Bioinfo Publications. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Giardia duodenalis (G. lamblia, G. intestinalis) is an enteric protozoan that infects human beings and a wide range of domestic and wild mammals. Giardiasis is considered a parasitic zoonosis by the World Health Organization, and they highlight the importance of animals as Giardia transmitters. This parasite is prevalent in areas with a temperate, humid climate, with heterogeneous distribution and the highest infection prevalences found in developing countries. The molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis has permitted the identification of eight morphologically indistinguishable genotypes (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) with different host specificity. Several molecular studies have established the presence of genotypes A and B in both humans and animals throughout the world. The clinical presentation of giardiasis in humans is highly varying, ranging from asymptomatic manifestations to chronic diarrhea with malabsorption and childhood stunting. The significant aspects of Giardia infection are discussed in this review, and new progresses in topics such as taxonomy, biology, physio-pathogenesis, molecular epidemiology, zoonotic potential, clinical presentation of the infection and treatment of this parasite are emphasized.

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