GENE-POOL SAMPLING AND CONSERVATION OF ENDEMIC SPECIALTY RICE (Oryza sativa L.) LANDRACES AND CURRENT STATUS OF THEIR GENETIC EROSION FROM DIVERSITY RICH ECOSYSTEMS OF CENTRAL AND WESTERN KARNATAKA

S.R. PANDRAVADA¹*, P. SENGUTTUVEl², N.G. HANAMARATTI³, P. SURENDRA⁴, MOHAMMED IBRAHIM⁵, N. SIVARAJ⁶, V. KAMALA⁷, B. SARATH BABU^8
1ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Hyderabad, 500 030, Telangana
²ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500 030, Telangana
³University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580 001, Karnataka
⁴University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580 001, Karnataka
⁵University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, 584 101, Karnataka
⁶ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Hyderabad, 500 030, Telangana
⁷ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Hyderabad, 500 030, Telangana
⁸ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Hyderabad, 500 030, Telangana
* Corresponding Author : Someswar.Pandravada@icar.gov.in

Received : 10-11-2017     Accepted : 25-11-2017     Published : 30-11-2017
Volume : 9     Issue : 52       Pages : 4880 - 4885
Int J Agr Sci 9.52 (2017):4880-4885

Keywords : Rice, landraces, Karnataka, exploration
Academic Editor : Herrero B., H. Samet
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : The authors are grateful to Director, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi and Director, ICAR- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500 030, Telangana for all the help and providing required facilities to carry out this work
Author Contribution : Conceptualization of research (SRP); Designing of the experiments (SRP, PS); Contribution of experimental materials (SRP, PS, NGH, PS, MI); Execution of field/ lab experiments and data collection (SRP, PS, NGH, PS, MI); Analysis of data and interpretatio

Rice is a major food crop under cultivation since 2,500 BC. An exploration was organized to collect rice genetic resources from eight districts of Karnataka resulting in sampling 111 accessions of diverse specialty landraces which include scented, medicinal, nutritionally superior and genotypes having potential sources of resistance/ tolerance to different biotic and abiotic stresses. Though traditional landraces contributed genes towards unprecedented increase in yield and tolerance to pests and diseases to the present high yielding varieties, however, currently they are under severe threat of replacement. A total of 143 rice landraces under on-farm cultivation during early nineties in the districts of Belagaavi, Dharawada, Haveri and Uttara Kannada could not be recollected due to genetic erosion as these traditional varieties are no longer under cultivation. However, surprisingly only 17 landraces are still under continuous patronage of the farming communities for their adaptability, stability, quality traits and livelihood reasons. A total of 25 new landraces which were not collected earlier could be augmented due to intensive surveying. The present article briefly narrates the nuances of exploration, information on landraces with special traits, local preferences, startling factors for on-farm sustainability of certain landraces, cultivation practices, conservation strategies and potential for utilization in breeding programmes.

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