PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ZINC AS ANTIOXIDANT AGAINST THE GENOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF DELTAMETHRIN

IBRAHIM M.A.¹*, KHALAF A.A.², GALAL M.K.³, OGALY H.A.^4
1Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
²Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
³Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
⁴Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
* Corresponding Author : marwa199@yahoo.com

Received : 01-02-2014     Accepted : 03-03-2014     Published : 03-05-2014
Volume : 5     Issue : 1       Pages : 92 - 96
Int J Mol Biol 5.1 (2014):92-96
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0976-0482.5.1.92-96

Conflict of Interest : None declared

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the deltamethrin (DM)-induced testicular oxidative damage and genotoxicity and the possible mechanism by which zinc protects against these alterations in rats. Methods: Four study groups of ten male rats were formed and treated for 90 days as follows: (G1) controls; (G2) DM-treated rats; (G3) rats treated with DM and zinc and (G4) zinc-treated rats. After the treatment period, the animals were euthanized, and samples were collected for analysis of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitiric oxide (NO) and mutation in TP53 and H-Ras genes. Results: DM-treated group showed a significant decrease in TAC and increased level of NO as compared to control group. Moreover, Mutations in both in TP53 and H-Ras genes were also observed. Co-treatment with Zn partially improved the oxidative stress induced by DM and decreased the frequency of genetic mutations. Conclusion: Zinc is proved to ameliorate the adverse effects implicated by the DM.

[1] Figà‐Talamanca I., Traina M.E. and Urbani E. (2001) Occupa-tional Medicine, 51(3), 174-188.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[2] Tu H.T., Silvestre F., Bernard A., Douny C., Phuong N.T., Tao C.T. and Kestemont P. (2008) Aquaculture, 285(1), 244-248.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[3] Wolansky M.J., Gennings C. and Crofton K.M. (2006) Toxico-logical Sciences, 89(1), 271-277.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[4] Abdallah F.B., Slima A.B., Dammak I., Keskes‐Ammar L. and Mallek Z. (2010) Andrologia, 42(3), 182-186.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[5] Manna S., Bhattacharyya D., Mandal T.K. and Das S. (2005) Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 37(3), 160  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[6] Oda S.S. and El-Maddawy Z.K. (2012) Experimental and Toxi-cologic Pathology, 64(7), 813-819.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[7] Rehman H., Ali M., Atif F., Kaur M., Bhatia K. And Raisuddin S. (2006) Clin. Chim. Acta, 369, 61-65.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[8] Durackova Z. (2010) Physiol. Res., 59, 459-469.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[9] Sakr S.A and Al-Amoudi W.M. (2012) Journal of Applied Phar-maceutical Science, 02(05), 22-27.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[10] Shukla Y., Arora A. and Singh A. (2001) Toxicology, 163(1), 1-9.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[11] Stanley L.A. (1995) Toxicology, 96(3), 173-194.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[12] Ferbeyre G. (2002) Leukemia, 16, 1918-1926.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[13] Raycroft L., Wu H. and Lozano G. (1990) Science, 249(4972), 1049.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[14] Bokoch G.M. and Der C.J. (1993) Faseb. J., 7(9), 750-759.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[15] Youssef M.I. (2010) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(5), 1152-1159.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[16] Ho E. (2004) The J. Nutritional Biochemistry, 15(10), 572-578.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[17] Grant W.B. (2008) Anticancer Research, 28(3B), 1955-1963.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[18] Bedwal R.S. and Bahuguna A. (1994) Experientia, 50, 626-640.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[19] Tuncer I., Sunar F., Toy H., Baltaci A.K. and Mogulkoc R. (2011) Bratisl. Lek. Listy., 112(8), 425-427.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[20] Institute of laboratory animal resources (1995) Committee on Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals, National Re-search Council, 83.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[21] El-Refaiy A.I. and Eissa I. (2012) Comunicata Scientiae, 3(3), 162-180.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[22] Koracevic D., Koracevic G., Djordjevic V., Andrejevic S. and Cosic V. (2001) J. Clin. Pathol., 54(5), 356-361.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[23] Miranda K.M, Espey M.G., Wink D.A. (2001) Nitric Oxide, 5(1), 62-71.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[24] Gouda E., Elbehairy A. and Ghoneim M. (2008) Z. Naturforsch., 63c, 857-863.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[25] Sakamoto A., Oda Y., Adachi T., Tamiya S., Matsuda S., Tanaka K. and Tsuneyoshi M. (2001) American Journal of Clini-cal Pathology, 115(2), 235-242.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[26] Castelli E.C., Otake A.H. and de Oliveira D.E. (2002) J. Bras. Pathol. Med. Lab., 38, 75-82.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[27] Yalın S., Çömelekoğlu Ü., Mazmancı B., Ballı E., Eroğlu P., Sögüt F. and Ünyayar A. (2012) Turkish Journal of Biochemis-try/Turk Biyokimya Dergisi, 37(4), 239-244.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[28] Slima A.B., Ali M.B., Barkallah M., Traore A.I., Boudawara T., Allouche N. and Gdoura R. (2013) Lipids in Health and Disease, 12(1), 30.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[29] Slima A.B., Ali M.B., Barkallah M., Traore A.I., Boudawara T., Allouche N. and Gdoura R. (2013) Lipids in Health and Disease, 12(1), 30.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[30] El-Gohary M., Awara W.M., Nassar S. and Hawas S. (1999) Toxicology, 132(1), 1-8.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[31] Wu A. and Liu Y. (1999) Brain Res., 850(1), 249-252.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[32] Li T., Shi N., Xu H., Wei H., Wu Y., Zhou L. and Dong J. (2002) Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseas-es, 20(6), 427-429.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[33] Slaninova A., Smutna M., Modra H. and Svobodova Z. (2009) Neuro. Endocrinol. Lett., 30(1), 2-12.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[34] Dubey N., Raina R. and Khan A. (2012) Fluoride, 45(3), 242- 246.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[35] Zhang H., Li F.L., Cheng C., Liu B.D. and Cheng L.G. (2013) Pakistan J. Zool., 45(2), 511-519.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[36] Wilde D. (2006) Animal Reproduction Science, 96, 240-249.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[37] El- Zayat L., Baraldo L. and Etchenique R. (2005) Imaging in Neur. and Development: A Laboratory Manual, 391-394.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[38] Oyewopo A.O., Saalu L.C., Osinubi A.A., Imosemi I.O., Omo-toso G.O. and Adefolaju G.A. (2010) J. Med. and Mesical. Sci., 1(5), 178-184.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[39] Babaei H., Azari O., Kheirandish R., Abshenas J. and Moham-madi N. (2010) Iran J. Vet. Surg., 5, 77-88.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[40] Ebisch I.M.W., Thomas C.M.G., Peters W.H.M., Braat D.D.M. and Steegers-Theunissen R.P.M. (2007) Human Reproduction Update, 13(2), 163-174.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[41] Bhalla P., Chadha V.D., Dhar R. and Dhawan D.K. (2007) Cel-lular and Molecular Neurobiology, 27(5), 595-607.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[42] Amara S., Abdelmelek H., Garrel C., Guiraud P., Douki T., Ravanat J. and Ben Rhouma K. (2008) Journal of Reproduction and Development, 54(2), 129-134.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[43] Song Y., Leonard S.W., Traber M.G. and Ho E. (2009) The Journal of Nutrition, 139(9), 1626-1631.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[44] Maret W. (2000) J. Nutr., 130, 1455S-1458S.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[45] Zago M.P. and Oteiza P.I. (2001) Free Radic. Biol. Med., 31, 266-274.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[46] Koprucu S.S., Yonar E. and Seker E. (2008) Bull Environ. Con-tam Toxicol., 81, 253-257.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[47] Ozkan O and Ustuner O. (2011) Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg., 18(1), 69-74.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[48] Chargui I., Grissa I., Bensassi F., Hrira M.Y., Haouem S., Haouas Z. and Bencheikh H. (2012) A Molecular Assessment Biomed. Environ. Sci., 25(6), 672‐683.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[49] McKinnon P.J. and Caldecott K.W. (2007) Ann. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet., 8, 37-55.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[50] Yao K.W. and WANG J.D. (2008) Nat. J. Androl., 14, 268-271.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[51] Rashid A., Asmatullah N.Z. and Ara C. (2012) Pakistan J. Zool., 44(5), 1349-1353.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[52] Ismail M.F. and Mohamed H.M. (2012) Food Chem. Toxicol., 50, 3421-3425.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[53] Wu A., Hu Q. and Liu Y. (2000) Neurosci. Lett., 284(1-2), 29-32.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[54] Ishii N., Senoo-Matsuda N., Miyake K., Yasuda K., Ishii T., Hart-man P.S. and Furukawa S. (2004) Mech. Ageing. Dev., 125, 41-46.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[55] Lau A.T.Y., Wang Y. and Chiu J.F. (2008) J. Cell. Biochemy., 104, 657-667.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[56] Gupta S.C., Mishra M., Sharma A., Deepak Balaji T.G.R., Ku-mar R., Mishra R.K. and Chowdhuri D.K. (2010) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 73(6), 1415-1423.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[57] Ho E. and Ames B.N. (2002) Cell Biol., 99, 16770-16775.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[58] Sliwinski T., Czechowska A., Kolodziejczak M., Jajte J., Jarosin-ska W.M. and Blasiak J. (2009) Cell Biology International, 33, 542e547.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus  

[59] Perry D.K., Smyth M.J., Stennicke H.R., Salvesen G.S., Duriez P., Poirier G.G. and Hannun Y. (1997) Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272(30), 18530-18533.  
» CrossRef   » Google Scholar   » PubMed   » DOAJ   » CAS   » Scopus